Editing Carjacking (section)

===South Africa===
Carjacking is a significant problem in [[South Africa]], where it is called ''hijacking''.<ref name="Caroll">Rory Caroll, [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/mar/02/film.oscars2006 Carjacking: the everyday ordeal testing South Africa], ''Guardian'' (March 2, 2006).</ref> South Africa is thought to have the highest carjacking rate in the world.<ref>Linda Davis, [http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1375/acri.36.2.173 Carjacking&nbsp;— Insights from South Africa to a New Crime Problem], '' Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology'', Vol. 35, Issue 2, 2003, pp. 173-191.</ref> There were 16,000 reported carjackings in 1998.<ref name="Caroll"/> The figures dropped to 12,434 reported carjackings in 2005,<ref name="Caroll"/> and continued to drop until 2011 to 2012, when the number of carjackings was 9,475, a record low.<ref name="Conway-Smith">Erin Conway-Smith, [https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-05-27/carjackings-are-rise-again-south-africa Carjackings are on the rise again in South Africa], ''GlobalPost'' (May 27, 2015).</ref> Subsequently, however, carjackings increased as part of an overall increase in violent organized crime, which the [[Institute for Security Studies]] attributed to poor police leadership. There were 11,221 reported carjackings in 2014. More than half of all carjackings in South Africa occurred in [[Gauteng]] province, which includes [[Johannesburg]] and [[Pretoria]].<ref name="Conway-Smith"/>

The carjacking issue in South Africa was depicted in the 2005 film ''[[Tsotsi]]'', which won the [[Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film]].<ref name="Conway-Smith"/>

In the late 1990s and early 2000s, several new, unconventional [[anti-hijack system|anti-carjacking systems]] designed to harm the attacker were developed and marketed in South Africa, where carjacking had become endemic. Among these was the now defunct [[Blaster (flamethrower)|Blaster]], a small [[flame-thrower]] that could be mounted to the underside of a vehicle.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/africa/9812/11/flame.thrower.car/|publisher=CNN|title=Flamethrower now an option on S. African cars|date=December 11, 1998}}</ref>