Editing Cephalic index (section)

== Medicine ==
The cephalic index is also used in medicine, especially in the planning and effectiveness analysis of cranial deformity corrections.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Likus |first1=Wirginia |last2=Bajor |first2=Grzegorz |last3=Gruszczynska |first3=Katrzyna |last4=Baron |first4=Jan |last5=Markowski |first5=Jaroslaw |last6=Machnikowska-Sokolowska |first6=Magdalena |last7=Milka |first7=Daniela |last8=Lepich |first8=Tomasz |date=February 4, 2014 |title=Cephalic Index in the First Three Years of Life: Study of Children with Normal Brain Development Based on Computed Tomography |journal=TheScientificWorldJournal |volume=2014 |page=502836 |doi=10.1155/2014/502836 |pmid=24688395 |pmc=3933399 |doi-access=free }}</ref> The index is a useful tool in assessing the morphology of cranial deformities in clinical settings.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nam |first1=Heesung |last2=Han |first2=Nami |last3=Eom |first3=Mi Ja |last4=Kook |first4=Minjung |last5=Kim |first5=Jeeyoung |date=2021-04-30 |title=Cephalic Index of Korean Children With Normal Brain Development During the First 7 Years of Life Based on Computed Tomography |url=http://www.e-arm.org/journal/view.php?number=4213 |journal=Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine |language=English |volume=45 |issue=2 |pages=141–149 |doi=10.5535/arm.20235 |pmid=33985316 |issn=2234-0645|pmc=8137378 }}</ref> The index is used while looking at the fetal head shape, and can change in certain situations (ex. [[Breech birth|breech presentation]], [[Rupture of membranes|ruptured membranes]], [[Twin|twin pregnancy]]).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Weerakkody |first=Yuranga |title=Cephalic index {{!}} Radiology Reference Article {{!}} Radiopaedia.org |url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/cephalic-index?lang=us |access-date=2023-04-06 |website=Radiopaedia |language=en-US}}</ref> It can be measured for prenatal infants in the womb using [[Obstetric ultrasonography|obstetric ultrasound]], and a value of 78.3% ± 8% (±2 [[Standard deviation|standard deviations]]) is considered normal.<ref>Kintanar, T. A., & Fowler, Grant C., MD. (2020). Obstetric Ultrasound. In ''Pfenninger and Fowler’s Procedures for Primary Care'' (Fourth Edition, pp. 984–998). [[doi:10.1016/B978-0-323-47633-1.00142-3]]</ref>