Editing Civil code (section)

==Important civil codes==
<!-- This section is linked from [[Napoleonic code]]. clarify tags indicate a need an explanation as to significance, origin, etc.]-->

The following is the list of national or regional civil codes by alphabetic order of names of countries or regions:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Country/region
! Name
! Year of promulgation
! Status
! Note
|-
| {{flag|Austria}}
| ''[[Allgemeines bürgerliches Gesetzbuch]]''
| 1812
| rowspan="3" style="background:#ecfdb8;"| In force
|
|-
|{{ flag| Albania}}
| ''[[Kodi Civil i Republikës së Shqipërisë| Civil Code of the Republic of Albania]]''
| 1994
|
|-
| {{flag|Armenia}}
| ''[[Law of Armenia|Armenian Civil Code]]''
| 1998
|
|-
| {{flag|Bavaria}}
| ''[[Codex Maximilianeus bavaricus civilis]]''
| 1756
| rowspan="2" style="background:#fbe4e3;"| Defunct
|
|-
| {{flag|Brazil}}
| [[Brazilian Civil Code|''Código Civil'']] (1916 Civil Code)
| 1916
| 
|-
| {{flag|Brazil}}
| [[Brazilian Civil Code|''Código Civil'']] (2002 Civil Code)
| 2002
| rowspan="6" style="background:#ecfdb8;"| In force
| Replaced the previous 1916 Civil Code
|-
| {{flag|Cuba}}
| [[Cuban civil code|''Código Civil'']] (1987 Civil Code)
| 1987
| Replaced the previous Spanish Civil Code [https://web.archive.org/web/20160428022535/http://www.gacetaoficial.cu/html/codigo%20civil%20lib1.html]
|-
| {{flag|California}}
| [[California Civil Code]]
| 1872
| 
|-
| {{flag|Catalonia}}
| ''[[Civil Code of Catalonia|Codi civil de Catalunya]]'' (Civil Code of Catalonia)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www20.gencat.cat/portal/site/Justicia/menuitem.84f6394bc89391b6bd6b6410b0c0e1a0/?vgnextoid=62bbf31f87203110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextchannel=62bbf31f87203110VgnVCM1000008d0c1e0aRCRD&vgnextfmt=default |title=Dret civil català. Departament de Justícia. |publisher=Departament de Justícia de la Generalitat de Catalunya |access-date=2013-11-26 |language=ca}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Albert Ruda |url=http://civil.udg.es/normacivil/ |title=Projecte Norma Civil |publisher=Civil.udg.es |date=1997-03-14 |access-date=2013-11-26|language=ca}}</ref>
|
* First Book: 2002
* Second Book: 2010
* Third Book: 2008
* Fourth Book: 2008
* Fifth Book: 2006
* Sixth Book: 2018 <ref>{{cite web |title=The Civil Code of Catalonia |url=https://web.gencat.cat/en/actualitat/reportatges/El-Codi-civil-de-Catalunya/ |website=Government of Catalonia |access-date=2019-03-28 |archive-date=2020-01-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109183123/http://web.gencat.cat/en/actualitat/reportatges/El-Codi-civil-de-Catalunya/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
* Replaced most of the Compilation of the Civil Law of Catalonia, several special laws and two partial codes
* See: First Book ([http://portaljuridic.gencat.cat/ca/pjur_ocults/pjur_resultats_fitxa/?documentId=306867&action=fitxa official consolidated text in Catalan] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20141026004418/http://www20.gencat.cat/docs/Justicia/Documents/Lleis/doc_30924256_1.pdf text in English]),
* Second Book ([http://portaljuridic.gencat.cat/ca/pjur_ocults/pjur_resultats_fitxa/?documentId=544979&action=fitxa official consolidated text in catalan] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20141219211206/http://www.parlament.cat/departaments/docs/21021318223580.docx text in English]),
* Third Book ([http://portaljuridic.gencat.cat/ca/pjur_ocults/pjur_resultats_fitxa/?documentId=490798&action=fitxa official consolidated text in Catalan]),
* Fourth Book ([http://portaljuridic.gencat.cat/ca/pjur_ocults/pjur_resultats_fitxa/?documentId=464805&action=fitxa official consolidated text in Catalan] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20120413050502/http://www20.gencat.cat/docs/Justicia/Documents/ARXIUS/llei10_2008_angles.pdf text in English]),
* Fifth Book ([http://portaljuridic.gencat.cat/ca/pjur_ocults/pjur_resultats_fitxa/?documentId=422359&action=fitxa official consolidated text in Catalan] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20141026002904/http://www20.gencat.cat/docs/Justicia/Documents/ARXIUS/llei_5_2006_english.pdf text in English])
* and the bill of the Sixth Book ([http://www.parlament.cat/activitat/bopc/10b505.pdf#page=6 text in Catalan])
|-
| {{flag|Chile}}
| ''[[Civil Code (Chile)|Código Civil]]'' (Civil Code)
| 1855
| Drafted mostly by [[Andrés Bello]] and the basis of the codes of [[Colombia]], [[Ecuador]] and other [[Latin America]]n countries
|-
| {{flag|Czech Republic}}
| ''[[Legal system of the Czech Republic#Civil law|Občanský zákoník]]'' (Civil Code)
| 2012
|
* On 1 January 2014 was replaced by new Občanský zákoník (Civil Code) enacted in 2012
* Replaced an earlier code from 1964
* English translation by Ministry of Justice of Czech Republic available ([https://web.archive.org/web/20150615054010/http://obcanskyzakonik.justice.cz/fileadmin/preklady/aj/89-2012_Obcansky-zakonik_30.9.2014.docx])
|-
| {{flag|China}}
| [[Civil Code of the People's Republic of China|民法典, ''Minfadian'']] (Civil Code)
| 2020
| 
The legislation of the Civil Code of China was started in 1954, after the first Constitution was adopted. However, legislation was stopped and resumed for several times, while China adopted [[General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China|several civil laws]] instead. In 2014, the current legislation procedure started, and the first part, the General Provisions, was adopted in [[2017 National People's Congress]]. Despite the delay of the [[2020 National People's Congress]] due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], the Congressmen gathered in Beijing on May 22 to discuss and vote for the Civil Code. It was passed on May 28 and came into force on January 1, 2021.
|-
| {{flag|Denmark}}
| ''[[Codex Holmiensis]]''
| 1241
| style="background:#fbe4e3;"| Defunct
|
|-
| {{flag|Egypt}}
| [[Egyptian Civil Code]]
| 1948
| rowspan="10" style="background:#ecfdb8;"| In force
|
|-
| {{flag|France}}
| ''[[Napoleonic Code|Code civil des Français]]'' (French Civil Code)
| 1804
| Later ''Code Napoléon'' and today ''Code civil''. Replaced the [[Custom of Paris in New France|Custom of Paris]].

Inspired by Justinian's sixth-century codification of Roman law. Differ with comprehensive rewrite including earlier rules, in a rational structure rather than a religious content. This made laws clearer and more accessible and superseded the conflict between royal and judges legislative power.
This code prohibits judges from deciding a case by way of introducing a general rule — an exercise of legislative — thus, there is no rule of stare decisis (binding precedent) in French law, but some jurisprudence ''constante'', to interpret the law. 
It might also had influenced other countries.
|-
| {{flag|Germany}}
| ''[[Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch]]'' (Civil Code)
| 1900
|
|-
| {{flag|Greece}}
| ''[[Αστικός Κώδικας]]'' (Civil Code)
| 1946<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nyulawglobal.org/globalex/Greece.html|first=Maria|last=Panezi|title=A Description of the Structure of the Hellenic Republic, the Greek Legal System, and Legal Research|work=[[GlobaLex]]|date=April 2006|access-date=2018-04-24}}</ref>
| Replaced the ''Hexabiblos'' and the Civil Law of 1856; also locally the 1841 Ionian Civil Code, 1899 Civil Code of Samos, and the 1904 Cretan Civil Code<ref>Eugenia Dacoronia, "The Evolution of the Greek Civil Law", in ''Regional Private Laws and Codification in Europe'', eds. Hector L. MacQueen, Antoni Vaquer, & Santiago Espiau Espiau (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003), 290-1.</ref>
|-
| {{flag|Indonesia}}
| ''[[Burgerlijk Wetboek]]'' (Civil Code of 1838)
| 1848
| Still in force in [[Indonesia]] since 1848, while its replaced by [[Burgerlijk Wetboek|Nieuw Burgerlijk Wetboek]] in [[The Netherlands]]. This Civil Code as known as [[Civil Code of Indonesia]].
|-
| {{flag|Italy}}
| ''[[Italian civil code|Codice Civile]]'' (Civil Code)
| 1942<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jus.unitn.it/cardozo/obiter_dictum/codciv/codciv.htm |title=Il Codice Civile Italiano |language=it |publisher=Jus.unitn.it |access-date=2013-11-26 |archive-date=2010-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100122230738/http://www.jus.unitn.it/cardozo/Obiter_dictum/codciv/Codciv.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|
|-
| {{flag|Japan}}
| [[Civil Code of Japan|民法, ''Minpō'']] (Civil Code)
|
* Parts 1–3: 1896
* Parts 4–5: 1898
|
|-
| {{flag|South Korea}}
| [[Civil Code of the Republic of Korea|민법, ''Minbeop'']] (Civil Code)
| 1958
|
|-
| {{flag|Latvia}}
| [[Civil Law of Latvia|Civillikums]] (Civil law)
| 1937
| 
|-
| {{flag|Louisiana}}
| [[Louisiana Civil Code]]
| 1825
| Replaced the Louisiana Civil Code Digest of 1808
|-
| {{flag|Macau}}
| ''[[Legal system of Macau|Código Civil]]'' (Civil Code)
| 1999
| Replaced the 1966 Portuguese Civil Code 
|
|-
| [[Mesopotamia]]
| [[Code of Hammurabi]]
| c. 1780 BC
| style="background:#fbe4e3;"| Defunct
|
|-
| {{flag|Nepal}}
| [[Muluki Ain (Civil Code) Act, 2018]] (Civil Code)
| 2018
| style="background:#ecfdb8;"| In force
|
|-
| {{flag|Netherlands}}
| ''[[Burgerlijk Wetboek]]'' (Civil Code of 1838)
| 1838
| style="background:#fbe4e3;"| Defunct
| Still in force in [[Indonesia]] since 1848, as the Indonesian Civil Code. It was also applied in Timor-Leste, ''de facto'' from 1976 to 2002 and ''de jure'' from 2002 to 2011.
|-
| {{flag|Netherlands}}
| ''[[Burgerlijk Wetboek|Nieuw Burgerlijk Wetboek]]'' (Civil Code of 1992)
| 1992
| rowspan="5" style="background:#ecfdb8;"| In force
| Replaced the 1838 Civil Code in its entirety; came into force in 1992, replacing the Napoleonic-based code with a German-influenced code
|-
| {{flag|Philippines}}
| [[Civil Code of the Philippines]]
| 1950
| Replacing the Civil Code of Spain which had been in force from 1889 to 1949
|-
| {{flag|Poland}}
| ''[[Kodeks cywilny]]'' (Civil Code)
| 1964
| [http://isip.sejm.gov.pl/Download?id=WDU19640160093&type=3 Official text in Polish] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222102302/http://isip.sejm.gov.pl/Download?id=WDU19640160093&type=3 |date=2015-12-22 }}
|-
| {{flag|Portugal}}
| ''[[Goa civil code|Código Civil]]'' (1868 Civil Code)
| 1868
| Replaced in Portugal itself by the 1966 Civil Code. However, it is still in force in the territories of the former [[Portuguese India]] (now part of the [[Republic of India]]), since it was introduced there in 1870, namely in [[Goa]] (referred as the [[Goa civil code]]), [[Daman and Diu]] and [[Dadra and Nagar Haveli]]. It was proposed to serve as the basis for the establishment of a common [[uniform civil code of India]].
|-
| {{flag|Portugal}}
| ''[[Portuguese Civil Code|Código Civil]]'' (1966 Civil Code)
| 1968<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.portolegal.com/CodigoCivil.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060821115408/http://www.portolegal.com/CodigoCivil.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2006-08-21 |title=Código Civil Português |publisher=Portolegal.com |language=pt |access-date=2013-11-26 }}</ref>
|  Replaced the Civil Code of 1868 in Portugal and its overseas territories. Besides being in force in Portugal, it is also in force in [[Angola]], [[Cape Verde]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Mozambique]] and [[São Tomé and Príncipe]]. It also has a marked influence in the Macau Civil Code of 1999, the Brazilian Civil Code of 2002 and the Timor-Leste Civil Code of 2011.
|-
| {{flag|Prussia}}
| ''[[Allgemeines Landrecht]]'' (General Law of the Land)
| 1794
| style="background:#fbe4e3;"| Defunct
| An incredibly casuistic, and thus unsuccessful, code of 11000 sections
|-
| {{flag|Puerto Rico}}
| [[Law of Puerto Rico|Puerto Rico Civil Code]]
| 1930
| rowspan="1" style="background:#ecfdb8;"| In force
| Reproduction of the Spanish Civil Code, with the inclusion of some articles from the Louisiana Civil Code. Title 31 of the [http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lawsofpuertorico/ Laws of Puerto Rico].
|-
| {{flag|Quebec}}
| [[Civil Code of Lower Canada]]
| 1865
| style="background:#fbe4e3;"| Defunct
| In force in Quebec until being replaced by the Civil Code of Quebec in 1994. Replaced the [[Custom of Paris in New France|Custom of Paris]].
|-
| {{flag|Quebec}}
| ''[[Civil Code of Quebec|Code civil du Québec]]'' (Civil Code of Quebec)
| 1994
| rowspan="3" style="background:#ecfdb8;"| In force
| Replaced the former Civil Code of Lower Canada
|-
| {{flag|Romania}}
| [[Civil Code of Romania]]
| 2011
| Replaced the Civil Code of 1865
|-
| {{flag|Russia}}
| [[Civil Code of Russia]]
| 1994
| 
|-
| {{flag|Serbia}}
| [[Serbian civil law|Грађански законик, ''Građanski zakonik'']] (Civil Code)
| 1844
| style="background:#fbe4e3;"| Defunct
| Drafted by [[Jovan Hadžić]]; officially defunct in 1946 but mostly repealed in 1978 by a new Obligations Act; some articles which have no legal equivalent in current day Serbian law are still in force
|-
| {{flag|Spain}}
| ''[[Spanish Civil Code|Código Civil]]'' (Civil Code)
| 1889
| rowspan="6" style="background:#ecfdb8;"| In force
|
|-
| {{flag|Switzerland}}
| ''[[Zivilgesetzbuch]]'' (Civil Code)
| 1907
|
|-
| {{flag|Taiwan}}
| ''[[Civil Code (the Republic of China)|民法 (中華民國)]]'' (Civil Code)
|
* PART I General Principles: May 23, 1929
* PART II Obligations: November 22, 1929
* PART III Rights In Rem: November 30, 1929
* PART IV Family: December 26, 1930
* PART V Succession: December 26, 1930
|
|-
| {{flag|Thailand}}
| [[Civil and Commercial Code]]
|
* Books 1–2: 1923
* Book 3: 1925
* Book 4: 1930
* Book 5: 1935
* Book 6: 1935
|
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}}
| ''[[Türk Medeni Kanunu]]'' (Civil Code)
| 2001
| Replaced the [[Turkish civil code (1926)|1926 Turkish Civil Code]]
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}}
| [[Civil Code of Ukraine]]
| 2004{{Clarify|date=March 2008}}
|
|}