Editing Common frog (section)

=== Impact of urbanization ===
Due to the widespread nature of ''Rana temporaria'', common frogs can make their homes in both urban and rural environments. However, many of the populations living in urban areas are subject to the detrimental effects of urbanisation. The construction of roads and buildings – absolute barriers to migration – has prevented [[gene flow]] and [[Genetic drift|drift]] between urban populations of common frogs, resulting in lower levels of genetic diversity in urban populations of common frog compared to their rural counterparts.<ref name="Hitchings-1997">{{cite journal |last1=Hitchings |first1=Susan P. |last2=Beebee |first2=Trevor J. C. |date=August 1997 |title=Genetic substructuring as a result of barriers to gene flow in urban Rana temporaria (common frog) populations: implications for biodiversity conservation |journal=Heredity |volume=79 |issue=2 |pages=117–127 |doi=10.1038/hdy.1997.134|pmid=9279008 |s2cid=6284299 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Urban common frog populations also experience higher levels of mortality and developmental abnormalities, indicating forced [[inbreeding]].<ref name="Hitchings-1997" />

However, the common frog is listed as a species of [[least concern]] on the [[IUCN Red List|IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]].<ref name="Kuzmin 2008" />