Editing Comparison of C Sharp and Java (section)

===== Unsigned integers =====
C# supports [[signedness|unsigned]] in addition to the [[signedness|signed]] integer types. The unsigned types are {{mono|byte}}, {{mono|ushort}}, {{mono|uint}} and {{mono|ulong}} for 8, 16, 32 and 64 bit widths, respectively. Unsigned arithmetic operating on the types are supported as well. For example, adding two unsigned integers ({{mono|uint}}s) still yields a {{mono|uint}} as a result; not a long or signed integer.

Java does not feature unsigned integer types. In particular, Java lacks a primitive type for an unsigned [[byte]]. Instead, Java's {{mono|byte}} type is [[sign extension|sign extended]], which is a common source of bugs and confusion.<ref>{{cite book |title=Java puzzlers : traps, pitfalls, and corner cases|year=2005 |publisher=Addison-Wesley|location=Upper Saddle River, NJ [u.a.]|isbn=978-0-321-33678-1|author=Joshua Bloch; Neal Gafter|edition=5. print.|page=36|quote=The lesson for language designers is that sign extension of byte values is a common source of bugs and confusion. The masking that is required to suppress sign extension clutters programs, making them less readable. Therefore, the byte type should be unsigned.}}<!-- |access-date=6 October 2012--></ref>

Unsigned integers were left out of Java deliberately because [[James Gosling]] believed that programmers would not understand how unsigned arithmetic works.<blockquote>In programming language design, one of the standard problems is that the language grows so complex that nobody can understand it. One of the little experiments I tried was asking people about the rules for unsigned arithmetic in C. It turns out nobody understands how unsigned arithmetic in C works. There are a few obvious things that people understand, but many people don't understand it.<ref name="oracle.com"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.artima.com/intv/gosling3P.html |title=James Gosling on Java, May 2001 |publisher=Artima.com |date=10 May 2001 |access-date=24 February 2015}}</ref></blockquote>

Java versions 8 and 9 added some limited built-in unsigned integer operations, but they are only exposed as static methods on the primitive wrapper classes; they operate on signed primitive integer types, treating them as if they were unsigned.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Integer.html |title=Integer (Java Platform SE 8) |publisher=Docs.oracle.com |access-date=20 Apr 2023}}</ref>