Editing Cyril and Methodius (section)

===Journey to Rome===
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[[File:San clemente fresco.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Saints Cyril and Methodius in Rome. Fresco in San Clemente]]
The mission of Constantine and Methodius had great success among Slavs in part because they used the people's native language rather than [[Latin]] or Greek. In Great Moravia, Constantine and Methodius also encountered missionaries from [[East Francia]]. They would have represented the western, or Latin, branch of the Church, more particularly epitomizing the [[Carolingian Empire]] as founded by [[Charlemagne]], and intent on linguistic and cultural uniformity. They insisted on the use of the Latin liturgy, and they regarded Moravia and the Slavic peoples as part of their rightful mission field.

When friction developed, the brothers, unwilling to be a cause of dissension among Christians, decided to travel to Rome to see the Pope, and seek a solution that would avoid quarrelling between missionaries in the field. In 867, [[Pope Nicholas I]] (858-867) invited the brothers to Rome. Their evangelizing mission in Moravia had by this time become the focus of a dispute with Archbishop [[Adalwin of Salzburg]] (859–873) and Bishop [[Ermanrich, Bishop of Passau|Ermanrich]] of [[bishop of Passau|Passau]] (866-874). They claimed ecclesiastical control of the same territory and wished to see it use the Latin liturgy exclusively.

With them they brought the relics of [[Pope Clement I|Saint Clement]] and a retinue of disciples. They passed through [[Pannonia]] (the [[Balaton Principality]]), where they were well received by Prince [[Koceľ]]. This activity in Pannonia made a continuation of conflicts inevitable with the German episcopate, and especially with the bishop of [[Salzburg]], whose prerogative Pannonia had been for seventy-five years. As early as 865, Bishop Adalwin was found to exercise Episcopal rights there. The administration under him was in the hands of the archpriest Riehbald. He was obliged to retire to Salzburg, though his superior was instinctively disinclined to abandon his claim.

The brothers sought support from Rome, and arrived there in 868, where they were warmly received. This was partly due to their bringing with them the relics of Saint Clement; rivalry with Constantinople over the territory of the Slavs would have inclined Rome to value the brothers and their influence.<ref name=Brit/>

The brothers were praised for their learning and cultivated for their influence in Constantinople. [[Anastasius Bibliothecarius]] would later call Cyril "a man of apostolic life" and "a man of great wisdom".<ref>"Vir apostolicae vitae...sapientissimus vir" MGH Epist., 7/2, 1928, p. 436</ref> Their project in Moravia found support from the new [[Pope Adrian II]] (867-872), who formally authorized the use of the new Slavic liturgy. 

Subsequently, Methodius was ordained as priest by the pope himself, and five Slavic disciples were ordained as priests ([[Saint Gorazd]], [[Clement of Ohrid|Saint Clement of Ohrid]] and [[Saint Naum]]) and as deacons ([[Saint Angelar]] and [[Saint Sava (disciple of Saints Cyril and Methodius)|Saint Sava]]) by the prominent bishops [[Pope Formosus|Formosus]] and Gauderic.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.frantiskani.sk/kazatel/svati/0727.htm|title=Sv. Gorazd a spoločníci|trans-title=St. Gorazd and his colleagues|language=sk|work=Franciscan Friars of Slovakia|access-date=27 August 2015|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924015313/http://www.frantiskani.sk/kazatel/svati/0727.htm|archive-date=24 September 2015}}</ref> Since the 10th century Cyril and Methodius along with these five disciples are collectively venerated by the [[Bulgarian Orthodox Church]] as the "[[Seven Apostles of Bulgarian Orthodox Church|Seven Saints]]".<ref>David Farmer, The Oxford Dictionary of Saints, Fifth Edition Revised, OUP Oxford, 2011, {{ISBN|0191036730}}, p. 94.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.kashtite.com/en/traditions-and-celebrations/bulgarian-traditions-and-celebrations/seven-saints |title=Seven Saints |publisher=Kashtite.com |date=2016-07-27 |access-date=2019-01-29 |archive-date=21 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180721221816/https://www.kashtite.com/en/traditions-and-celebrations/bulgarian-traditions-and-celebrations/seven-saints |url-status=dead }}</ref> The newly made priests officiated in their own language at the altars of some of the principal churches. 

Feeling his end approaching, Cyril became a [[Basilian monks|Basilian monk]] and was given the name Cyril.<ref>It was and is customary on becoming a monk in the Eastern Orthodox tradition to receive a new name.</ref> He died in Rome fifty days later (14 February 869). There is some question whether he had been made a bishop, as is asserted in the ''Translatio'' (ix.). Upon Cyril´s death Methodius was given the title of Archbishop of [[Sirmium]] (now [[Sremska Mitrovica]] in [[Serbia]]) with jurisdiction over all of Moravia and Pannonia, and authority to use the Slavonic Liturgy.<ref name="Jugoslovenski književni leksikon">{{cite book |author= Đorđe Radojičić|editor = Živan Milisavac |date=1971 |title=Jugoslovenski književni leksikon |trans-title=Yugoslav Literary Lexicon |publisher=[[Matica srpska]] |language=sh |location= [[Novi Sad]] ([[Socialist Autonomous Province of Vojvodina|SAP Vojvodina]], [[Socialist Republic of Serbia|SR Serbia]]) |pages=73–75 }}</ref> The statement of the ''"Vita"'' that Methodius was made bishop in 870 and not raised to the dignity of an archbishop until 873 is contradicted by the brief of [[Pope John VIII]], written in June 879, according to which Adrian consecrated him archbishop; John includes in his jurisdiction not only Great Moravia and Pannonia, but Serbia as well.