Editing Double bind (section)

==Double binds in society==
=== Gender stereotypes===
Societal expectations of gender can create situations where people are viewed negatively regardless of the actions or decisions they make. For example, the belief that masculinity means decisiveness can cause men who are cautious to be seen as less manly.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Jamieson |first=Kathleen Hall |title=Beyond the double bind : women and leadership |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1995 |location=Oxford}}</ref> Double binds can be used by those with influence to use stereotypes to cause harm to less powerful groups.<ref name=":0" /> In the case of gender, this means using gender stereotypes to force, typically women and nonbinary people, into boxes related to stereotypes. This is done by creating a contradiction of roles and then asserting that no person can be more complicated than those two options.<ref name=":0" /> This creates a no-win situation where a person cannot overcome the stereotypical expectations and create a third category or role. The most common way this shows up is related to gender in women in roles of power.<ref name=":0" /> When women are assertive in business positions, politics, or personal lives, they are seen as too assertive and unpleasant.<ref name=":0" /> However, if women revert to socially acceptable and proper ways of being, they are seen as weak and underserving of their accomplishments. This creates a no-win situation. Women also exist in a social construct that places unspoken responsibilities on females that males don't have. <ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ciurria |first=Mich |date=2023 |title=Responsibility's Double Binds: The Reactive Attitudes in Conditions of Oppression |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/japp.12604 |journal=Journal of Applied Philosophy |language=en |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=35–48 |doi=10.1111/japp.12604 |issn=1468-5930|url-access=subscription }}</ref>They are expected to give care, attention, and validation to men which influences their decisions and increases their dilemma in Double Bind situations. Kate Manne suggests that dominant groups in society act as a sort of "law enforcement" patrolling those who aren't in the "in-group" - another gendered factor that influences choice situations.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Ciurria |first=Mich |date=2023 |title=Responsibility's Double Binds: The Reactive Attitudes in Conditions of Oppression |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/japp.12604 |journal=Journal of Applied Philosophy |language=en |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=35–48 |doi=10.1111/japp.12604 |issn=1468-5930|url-access=subscription }}</ref>  In a patriarchal society, women are associated with certain beauty ideals and expectations surrounding their role in the societal structure. Those who reject the ideal female beauty construct created men, risk not being accepted and not being defined as "beautiful." The framework of female beauty standards for women in society have created a norm where women are sexual objects, influencing their experience in social situations.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Swami |first=Viren |last2=Coles |first2=Rebecca |last3=Wyrozumska |first3=Karolina |last4=Wilson |first4=Emma |last5=Salem |first5=Natalie |last6=Furnham |first6=Adrian |date=2010-09-01 |title=Oppressive Beliefs at Play: Associations among Beauty Ideals and Practices and Individual Differences in Sexism, Objectification of Others, and Media Exposure |url=https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2010.01582.x |journal=Psychology of Women Quarterly |language=EN |volume=34 |issue=3 |pages=365–379 |doi=10.1111/j.1471-6402.2010.01582.x |issn=0361-6843|url-access=subscription }}</ref> This concept is regularly used in feminist scholarship.<ref>{{Citation |last=Tong |first=Rosemarie |title=Feminist and Nonfeminist Perspectives on Surrogacy |date=2018-02-05 |work=Feminist Approaches to Bioethics |pages=187–212 |url=https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429500503-9 |access-date=2025-03-24 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-429-50050-3}}</ref>

=== Racial stereotypes ===
Much like the intersection of gender and the double bind, stereotypes about race are used to create a double bind. Racial groups exert power over less privileged groups by invoking stereotypes to explain why those groups do not have access to the privileges the powerful groups have in excess. Race and gender also intersect to create a “triple bind” where stereotypes are used against women of color to cause more harm and barriers to access opportunities.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Northey |first=Kaitlin |date=2021-12-01 |title=Double and Triple Binds: How Status, Gender, and Race Influence the Work of State Prekindergarten Leaders |url=https://utppublishing.com/doi/abs/10.3138/jehr-2021-0018 |journal=Journal of Education Human Resources |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=282–304 |doi=10.3138/jehr-2021-0018|url-access=subscription }}</ref> The concept of the double bind as it relates to race is common in Race, Nation, and Culture studies and Political Science studies.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hesse |first=Barnor |date=2004-01-01 |title=Im/plausible deniability: racism's conceptual double bind |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/1350463042000190976?casa_token=tpE7wtOVGnYAAAAA%3AskZPrX1yoPG19gAEyi9opTM5JXsXLosn0EEDRWcMq9OXTgRz5DDWCYf05JNYFgg8L3MSJYGDHG9O4w& |journal=Social Identities |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=9–29 |doi=10.1080/1350463042000190976 |issn=1350-4630|url-access=subscription }}</ref>