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Effective field theory
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===Other examples=== Presently, effective field theories are written for many situations. *One major branch of [[nuclear physics]] is [[quantum hadrodynamics]], where the interactions of [[hadron]]s are treated as a field theory, which should be derivable from the underlying theory of [[quantum chromodynamics]] (QCD). Quantum hadrodynamics is the theory of the [[nuclear force]], similarly to quantum chromodynamics being the theory of the [[strong interaction]] and quantum electrodynamics being the theory of the [[electromagnetic force]]. Due to the smaller separation of length scales here, this effective theory has some classificatory power, but not the spectacular success of the Fermi theory. *In [[particle physics]] the effective field theory of QCD called [[chiral perturbation theory]] has had better success.<ref>{{Cite journal |arxiv = hep-ph/9311274|last1 = Leutwyler|first1 = H|title = On the Foundations of Chiral Perturbation Theory|journal = Annals of Physics|volume = 235|pages = 165β203|year = 1994|issue = 1|doi = 10.1006/aphy.1994.1094|bibcode = 1994AnPhy.235..165L|s2cid = 16739698}}</ref> This theory deals with the interactions of [[hadron]]s with [[pion]]s or [[kaon]]s, which are the [[Goldstone boson]]s of [[spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking]]. The expansion parameter is the [[pion]] energy/momentum. *For [[hadron]]s containing one heavy [[quark]] (such as the [[bottom quark|bottom]] or [[Charm quark|charm]]), an effective field theory which expands in powers of the quark mass, called the [[heavy quark effective theory]] (HQET), has been found useful. *For [[hadron]]s containing two heavy quarks, an effective field theory which expands in powers of the [[relative velocity]] of the heavy quarks, called non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD), has been found useful, especially when used in conjunctions with [[lattice QCD]]. *For [[hadron]] reactions with light energetic ([[collinear]]) particles, the interactions with low-energetic (soft) degrees of freedom are described by the [[soft-collinear effective theory]] (SCET). *Much of [[condensed matter physics]] consists of writing effective field theories for the particular property of matter being studied. *Dissipationless [[hydrodynamics]] can also be treated using effective field theories.<ref>{{Cite journal |arxiv = 1211.6461|last1 = Endlich|first1 = Solomon|title = Dissipation in the effective field theory for hydrodynamics: First order effects|journal = Physical Review D|volume = 88|issue = 10|pages = 105001|last2 = Nicolis|first2 = Alberto|last3 = Porto|first3 = Rafael|last4 = Wang|first4 = Junpu|year = 2013|doi = 10.1103/PhysRevD.88.105001|bibcode = 2013PhRvD..88j5001E|s2cid = 118441607}}</ref>
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