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Ensemble (mathematical physics)
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=== Requirements for representations === Putting aside for the moment the question of how statistical ensembles are generated [[operational definition|operationally]], we should be able to perform the following two operations on ensembles ''A'', ''B'' of the same system: * Test whether ''A'', ''B'' are statistically equivalent. * If ''p'' is a real number such that {{math|0 < ''p'' < 1}}, then produce a new ensemble by probabilistic sampling from ''A'' with probability ''p'' and from ''B'' with probability {{math|1 β ''p''}}. Under certain conditions, therefore, [[equivalence class]]es of statistical ensembles have the structure of a convex set.
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