Editing Golf course (section)

===Fairway and rough===
[[File:Par 4 5 dogleg.svg|right|thumb|upright=1.20|Typical doglegs. Left: "dogleg left". Right: "double dogleg"]]
After the first shot from the tee ("teeing off"), the player whose ball is farthest from the green hits the [[golf ball|ball]] from where it came to rest; this spot is known as its "lie". When the ball is in play and not out of bounds or in a hazard the player must play the ball as it lies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.usga.org/rules/rules-of-golf-experience/#/subject-3289/lesson-3290/play/topic-1251/slide-1 |title=USGA Rules of Golf Experience |publisher=Usga.org |access-date=2018-05-23}}</ref> The area between the tee box and the putting green where the grass is cut even and short is called the ''{{linktext|fairway}}''. The area between the fairway and the out-of-bounds markers, and also between a mowed apron surrounding the green and out of bounds, is the ''rough''; the grass there is cut higher and is often of a coarser strain than on the fairways, making roughs disadvantageous areas from which to hit. On par-3 holes, the player is expected to be able to drive the ball to the green on the first shot from the tee box. On holes longer than par 3, players are expected to require at least one additional shot to reach their greens.

While many holes are designed with a direct line-of-sight from the teeing ground to the green, a hole may bend either to the left or to the right. This is called a "dogleg", in reference to the similarity to a dog's ankle. The hole is called a "dogleg left" if the hole angles leftwards, and a "dogleg right" if the hole angles rightwards. A hole's direction may bend twice, which is called a "double dogleg".

[[File:First Hole, Spur Valley Golf Course - panoramio.jpg|thumb|left|Fairway and rough, Spur Valley Golf Course, Radium Hot Springs, Canada]]
Just as there are good-quality grasses for putting greens, there are good-quality grasses for the fairway and rough. The quality of grass influences the roll of the ball as well as the ability of the player to "take a divot" (effectively, the ability to hit down into the ball, hitting the ball first, then hitting the turf and removing a portion of it as the club continues its arc). Fairways on prestigious tours, like the PGA Tour, are cut low. Mowing heights influence the play of the course. For example, the grass heights at U.S. Open events are alternated from one hole to the next in order to make the course more difficult. One example of this is the infamous roughs at U.S. Opens, which are often 3 to 5 inches high, depending on how close to the fairway or green the section of grass will be. This makes it difficult for a player to recover after a bad shot.

Variants of grass used for fairways and roughs include [[bent grass]], Tifway 419 [[Bermuda grass]],<ref name="Bermuda Grass">{{cite web
  | title = Tifway 419 Bermuda
  | publisher = Phillip Jennings Turf Farms
  | url = http://www.sodfather.com/turf-grass/tifway-419-bermuda.asp
  | access-date = 2 March 2009}}</ref> [[rye grass]], [[Kentucky bluegrass]], and [[Zoysiagrass]]. As in putting-green grass types, not every grass type works equally well in all climate types.
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