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H-dropping
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====Geographical distribution==== [[File:H-dropping.svg|thumb|250px|H-dropping in the [[English language in England]] (based on Upton and Widdowson, 2006). Dialects in the regions marked ''no /h/'' feature (variable) H-dropping, while those in the regions marked ''/h/'' generally do not, although there is some local variation within these regions.<ref>Upton, C., Widdowson, J.D.A., ''An Atlas of English Dialects'', Routledge 2006, pp. 58–59.</ref>]] H-dropping occurs (variably) in most of the dialects of the [[English language in England]] and [[Welsh English]], including [[Cockney]], [[West Country English]], [[West Midlands English]] (including [[Brummie dialect|Brummie]]), [[East Midlands English]], most of [[English language in northern England|northern England]] (including [[Yorkshire dialect|Yorkshire]] and [[Lancashire dialect|Lancashire]]), and [[Cardiff English]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Phonetics of Dutch and English|edition=5|location=[[Leiden]]/[[Boston]]|publisher=[[Brill Publishers]]|year=2002|author1-first=Beverley|author1-last=Collins|author2-first=Inger M.|author2-last=Mees|pages=290–302}}</ref> It is not generally found in [[Scottish English]] and [[Hiberno-English|Irish English]]. It is also typically absent in certain regions of England and Wales, including [[Northumberland]], [[East Anglia]] and parts of [[North Wales|North]] and [[West Wales]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Approaches to the Study of Sound Structure and Speech: Interdisciplinary Work in Honour of Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kołaczyk |date=21 October 2019 |publisher=Magdalena Wrembel, Agnieszka Kiełkiewicz-Janowiak and Piotr Gąsiorowski |pages=1–398 |isbn=9780429321757|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hh24DwAAQBAJ&dq=h+dropping+north+wales&pg=PT22}}</ref> H-dropping also occurs in some [[Jamaican English]], and perhaps in other [[Caribbean English]] (including some of [[The Bahamas]]). It is not generally found in [[North American English]], although it has been reported in [[Newfoundland English|Newfoundland]] (outside the [[Avalon Peninsula]]).<ref>[[John C. Wells|Wells, J.C.]], ''Accents of English'', CUP 1982, pp. 564, 568–69, 589, 594, 622.</ref> However, dropping of /h/ from the cluster /hj/ (so that ''human'' is pronounced {{IPA|/'juːmən/}}) is found in some American dialects, as well as in parts of Ireland – see [[Phonological history of English consonant clusters#Reduction of /hj/|reduction of /hj/]].
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