Editing Hall effect (section)

===Spin Hall effect===
{{Main|Spin Hall effect}}
The spin Hall effect consists in the spin accumulation on the lateral boundaries of a current-carrying sample. No magnetic field is needed. It was predicted by [[Mikhail Dyakonov]] and [[V. I. Perel]] in 1971 and observed experimentally more than 30 years later, both in semiconductors and in metals, at cryogenic as well as at room temperatures.

The quantity describing the strength of the Spin Hall effect is known as Spin Hall angle, and it is defined as:

<math>\theta_{SH}=\frac{2e}{\hbar}\frac{|j_s|}{|j_e|}</math>

Where <math>j_s</math> is the spin current generated by the applied current density <math>j_e</math>.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Deng |first1=Yongcheng |last2=Yang |first2=Meiyin |last3=Ji |first3=Yang |last4=Wang |first4=Kaiyou |date=2020-02-15 |title=Estimating spin Hall angle in heavy metal/ferromagnet heterostructures |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304885318337077 |journal=Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials |language=en |volume=496 |pages=165920 |doi=10.1016/j.jmmm.2019.165920 |bibcode=2020JMMM..49665920D |s2cid=209989182 |issn=0304-8853|url-access=subscription }}</ref>