Editing Handwriting recognition (section)

=== Modern techniques ===

Where traditional techniques focus on [[image segmentation|segmenting]] individual characters for recognition, modern techniques focus on recognizing all the characters in a segmented line of text. Particularly they focus on [[machine learning]] techniques that are able to learn visual features, avoiding the limiting feature engineering previously used. State-of-the-art methods use [[Convolutional neural network|convolutional networks]] to extract visual features over several overlapping windows of a text line image which a [[recurrent neural network]] uses to produce character probabilities.<ref>Puigcerver, Joan. "Are Multidimensional Recurrent Layers Really Necessary for Handwritten Text Recognition?." Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), 2017 14th IAPR International Conference on. Vol. 1. IEEE, 2017.</ref>