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Horn-satisfiability
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==Generalization== A generalization of the class of Horn formulae is that of renamable-Horn formulae, which is the set of formulae that can be placed in Horn form by replacing some variables with their respective negation. Checking the existence of such a replacement can be done in linear time; therefore, the satisfiability of such formulae is in P as it can be solved by first performing this replacement and then checking the satisfiability of the resulting Horn formula.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Lewis | first = Harry R. | author-link = Harry R. Lewis | doi = 10.1145/322047.322059 | issue = 1 | journal = [[Journal of the ACM]] | mr = 0468315 | pages = 134–135 | title = Renaming a set of clauses as a Horn set | volume = 25 | year = 1978| doi-access = free }}.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Aspvall | first = Bengt | doi = 10.1016/0196-6774(80)90007-3 | issue = 1 | journal = Journal of Algorithms | mr = 578079 | pages = 97–103 | title = Recognizing disguised NR(1) instances of the satisfiability problem | volume = 1 | year = 1980}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last = Hébrard | first = Jean-Jacques | doi = 10.1016/0304-3975(94)90015-9 | issue = 2 | journal = [[Theoretical Computer Science (journal)|Theoretical Computer Science]] | mr = 1260003 | pages = 343–350 | title = A linear algorithm for renaming a set of clauses as a Horn set | volume = 124 | year = 1994| doi-access = }}.</ref><ref> {{cite journal | last=Chandru | first=Vijaya |author2=Collette R. Coullard|author2-link=Collette Coullard |author3=Peter L. Hammer |author4=Miguel Montañez |author5=Xiaorong Sun | title=On renamable Horn and generalized Horn functions | journal=Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence | year=2005 | doi=10.1007/BF01531069 | volume=1 | issue=1–4 | pages=33–47 }}</ref> Horn satisfiability and renamable Horn satisfiability provide one of two important subclasses of satisfiability that are solvable in polynomial time; the other such subclass is [[2-satisfiability]]. ===Dual-Horn SAT=== A dual variant of Horn SAT is '''Dual-Horn SAT''', in which each clause has at most one negative literal. Negating all variables transforms an instance of Dual-Horn SAT into Horn SAT. It was proven in 1951 by Horn that Dual-Horn SAT is in [[P_(complexity)|P]]. {{Citation needed|reason=where is the paper|date=November 2022}}
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