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Instrument landing system
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=== Localizer === {{Main|Instrument landing system localizer}} [[File:EDDV-ILS 27R Localizer.jpg|thumb|The localizer station for runway 27R at [[Hannover Airport]] in [[Germany]]]] A localizer (LOC, or LLZ until ICAO standardisation<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icao.int/Hyperdocs/display.cfm?V=2&name=AN-WP%2F8204&Lang=E|title=ICAO DOC8400 Amendment 28|publisher=icao.int|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223012124/http://www.icao.int/Hyperdocs/display.cfm?V=2&name=AN-WP%2F8204&Lang=E|archive-date=2014-02-23}}</ref>) is an [[antenna (radio)|antenna]] [[phased array|array]] normally located beyond the departure end of the runway and generally consists of several pairs of directional antennas. The localizer will allow the aircraft to turn and match the aircraft with the runway. After that, the pilots will activate approach phase (APP). <!-- If there is a predominance of either 90 Hz or 150 Hz modulation, the aircraft is off the centreline. In the cockpit, the needle on the instrument part of the ILS (the omni-bearing indicator (''nav indicator''), [[horizontal situation indicator]] (HSI), or [[course deviation indicator]] (CDI)) shows that the aircraft needs to fly left or right to correct the error to fly toward the centre of the runway. If the DDM is zero, the aircraft is on the LOC centreline coinciding with the physical runway centreline. The pilot controls the aircraft so that the indicator remains centered on the display (i.e. it provides lateral guidance). Full-scale deflection of the instrument corresponds to a DDM of 15.5%.-->
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