Editing Interdict (section)

==Notable local canonical interdicts==

=== Norway ===
*[[Pope Innocent III]] placed the Kingdom of [[Norway]] under interdict in October 1198. Although [[Sverre of Norway|King Sverre]] forged letters to show the interdict had been lifted, he and his subjects technically remained under interdict until Sverre's death in 1202.

=== England ===
*[[Pope Innocent III]] also placed the kingdom of [[England]] under [[Papal Interdict of 1208|an interdict]] for six years between March 1208 and July 1214, after [[John of England|King John]] refused to accept the pope's appointee [[Stephen Langton]] as [[Archbishop of Canterbury]].<ref>Bartlett, Robert ''England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings: 1075–1225'' Oxford:Clarendon Press 2000 {{ISBN|0-19-822741-8}} pp. 404–405</ref>

=== Scotland ===
*Following the rejection by [[Robert the Bruce]] (crowned [[King of Scotland]] in 1306) of papal mediation between [[Kingdom of England|England]] and [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scotland]], [[Pope John XXII]] placed Scotland under interdict in 1317<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HKgMAAAAYAAJ&dq=bruce+interdict+scotland&pg=PA729 The Encyclopædia Britannica: a dictionary of arts, sciences, and ..., Volume 5 By Thomas Spencer Baynes, p. 729]</ref> or 1318 because of continuing Scots raids into England; in 1328 the same Pope lifted the interdict in the light of the [[Treaty of Edinburgh–Northampton]].<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20101122174143/http://genebrooks.com/scotland.html Scotland in the Hundred Years' War]}}</ref>

=== Hungary ===
* The town of [[Buda]] was placed under interdict by papal legate [[Pope Benedict XI|Niccolò Boccasini]] in 1303, who was sent there to build support for [[Charles I of Hungary|Charles of Anjou]], [[Pope Boniface VIII]]'s favoured candidate for the [[Hungarian Crown]]. The burghers of Buda retaliated by [[Buda heresy|excommunicating the Pope]] and all his loyal bishops and priests.<ref>[[Illuminated Chronicle|The Hungarian Illuminated Chronicle]] (ch. 190.134), p. 143.</ref>

=== Italy ===

* Rome itself was placed under interdict by [[Pope Adrian IV]] in 1155 a result of [[Commune of Rome|a rebellion]] led by the preacher, [[Arnold of Brescia]]. 
*[[Pope Gregory XI]] placed the city of [[Florence]] under interdict in March 1376 during the [[War of the Eight Saints]].  
* [[Pope Sixtus IV]] decreed an interdict against the [[Republic of Florence]] in 1478 in response to the hanging of Bishop [[Francesco Salviati (bishop)|Francesco Salviati]] in response to his involvement in the [[Pazzi conspiracy]].
* On 23 June 1482, [[Pope Sixtus IV]] decreed an interdict against the [[Republic of Venice]], unless it abandoned within 15 days its siege of [[Ferrara]]. The Venetians managed to evade it by an appeal to a future council.<ref>[http://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&tbo=1&q=%22Renaissance+Society%22+Venice+interdict+%22Sixtus+IV%22+&btnG= David Chambers, Brian Pullan, Jennifer Fletcher (editors), ''Venice: A Documentary History, 1450–1630''] (University of Toronto Press 2001 {{ISBN|978-0-8020-8424-8}}), pp. 219–220</ref>
* On 27 April 1509, as he entered the [[War of the League of Cambrai]], aiming to recover papal control of the [[Romagna]], where Venice had seized several cities in 1503, [[Pope Julius II]] placed Venice under interdict until it accepted peace terms on 14 February 1510, when it was lifted.
* The [[Venetian Interdict]] of 1606–1607 is a better-known and more lengthy case. [[Pope Paul V]] placed the [[Republic of Venice]] under interdict in 1606 after the civil authorities jailed two priests.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rao|first=John C. Rao|date=21 September 2004|title=The Venetian Interdict of 1606–1607|url=http://www.seattlecatholic.com/article_20040921.html|access-date=2021-01-16|website=Seattle Catholic}}</ref>
*In 1909, the town of [[Adria]] in Italy was placed under interdict for 15 days after a local campaign against the move of a bishop.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20040915003932/http://www.catholicnews.com/data/stories/cns/0403714.htm CNS Story: Holding public figures accountable to church: centuries of precedent]</ref>

=== Malta ===
* On 1 May 1930, the bishops of Malta published a [[Pastoral letter]] which placed voters of the progressive Compact parties ([[Constitutional Party (Malta)|Constitutional Party]], [[Labour Party (Malta)|Labour Party]]) under interdict. This intervention in politics led to Governor [[John Du Cane|Du Cane]] proclaiming a state of emergency and cancelling the 1930 Election on the basis that the elections were not free due to the interdict.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Malta |first1=Times of |title=Mortal sin and conscience in 1930 |url=https://timesofmalta.com/article/mortal-sin-and-conscience-in-1930.330501 |website=Times of Malta |access-date=7 May 2025 |language=en-gb |date=9 October 2010}}</ref> This interdict was eventually lifted on June 3 1932, however the Church still advised against voting for the Compact parties in the [[1932 Maltese general election|1932 elections]], leading to a win by the [[Partit Nazzjonalista |Nationalist Party]].
* On 8 April 1961, the bishops of Malta personally interdicted the entire executive of the [[Partit Laburista|Malta Labour Party]]. Following this, the bishops would also impose the mortal sin on supporters of the Labour Party, specifically readers, distributors of and advertisers in the Party papers and voters and candidates of the Party. The [[1962 Maltese general election|1962 elections]] were fought with the interdict still in place, with a clear proof of this being MLP supporters being buried in an unconsecrated part of the [[Addolorata Cemetery]] (knwon as the "Miżbla"), [[absolution]] being denied to supporters of the MLP, and Church bells ringing during MLP meetings in order to attempt at censoring [[Dom Mintoff]] and his party. These conditions led to a win by the [[Partit Nazzjonalista|Nationalist Party]] and the other parties who were in the anti-Communist coalition known as the "Umbrella Coalition".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Malta |first1=Times of |title=Bricked by interdiction |url=https://timesofmalta.com/article/bricked-by-interdiction.359220 |website=Times of Malta |language=en-gb |date=10 April 2011}}</ref> The Interdict was only lifted on 4 April 1969, with the help of Mgr Emanuel Gerada, leading to the Church and the MLP reaching a formal peace.

=== France ===
*[[Pope Innocent III]] put the whole [[Kingdom of France]] under interdict on 13 January 1200 to force [[Philip II of France]] to take his wife [[Ingeborg of Denmark, Queen of France|Ingeborg of Denmark]] back. After a reconciliation ceremony, the interdict was lifted on 12 September 1200.

===United States===
*In 1955, white parishioners had [[Racial segregation in the United States|refused]] a black priest entry to a chapel about 20 miles from [[New Orleans]]. [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New Orleans|Archbishop]] [[Joseph Rummel]] placed that chapel under interdict.<ref>[http://www.google.com/search?tbm=bks&tbo=1&q=Anderson+%22St+Cecilia+parishioners%22&btnG= R. Bentley Anderson, ''Black, White, and Catholic''] (Vanderbilt University Press 2005 {{ISBN|978-0-8265-1483-7}}), p. 146</ref>