Editing Intertextuality (section)

==Plagiarism==
[[File:Arnaldo Dell'Ira (1903-1943), Parsifal Act 3, Picture composition.jpg|thumb|Intertextuality in art: "Nur eine Waffe taugt" (Richard Wagner, Parsifal, act III), by [[Arnaldo dell'Ira]], ca. 1930]]
Sociologist Perry Share describes intertextuality as "an area of considerable ethical complexity".<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Share|first=Perry|date=January 2005|title=Managing intertextuality–meaning, plagiarism and power|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228770980|journal=ResearchGate}}</ref> Intertextuality does not necessarily involve citations or referencing punctuation (such as quotation marks) and can be mistaken for [[plagiarism]].<ref name="Ivanić 1998">{{Cite book|last=Ivanić|first=Roz|title=Writing and identity: The discoursal construction of identity in academic writing|publisher=John Benjamins Publishing Co.|year=1998|location=Amsterdam, Netherlands|author-link=Rosalind Ivanić}}</ref>{{rp|86}}
While the two concepts are related, the intentions behind using another's work is critical in distinguishing the two. When making use of intertextuality, usually a small excerpt of a hypotext assists in the understanding of the new hypertext's original themes, characters, or contexts.<ref name="Ivanić 1998" />{{page needed|date=October 2020}} Aspects of existing texts are reused, often resulting in new meaning when placed in a different context.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Jabri|first=Muayyad|date=December 2003|title=Change as shifting identities: a dialogic perspective|url=http://www.msu.ac.zw/elearning/material/temp/1372165169dialogism%20-%20identities.pdf|journal=Journal of Organizational Change Management|volume=17|access-date=2018-03-19|archive-date=2018-03-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180320165712/http://www.msu.ac.zw/elearning/material/temp/1372165169dialogism%20-%20identities.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Intertextuality hinges on the creation of new ideas, while plagiarism attempts to pass off existing work as one's own.

Students learning to write often rely on imitation or emulation and have not yet learned how to reformulate sources and cite them according to expected standards, and thus engage in forms of "patchwriting," which may be inappropriately penalized as intentional plagiarism.<ref>Howard, Rebecca Moore. (1995). Plagiarisms, authorships, and the academic death penalty. ''College English 57.7'', 788-806.</ref> Because the interests of [[Composition studies|writing studies]] differ from the interests of literary theory, the concept has been elaborated differently with an emphasis on writers using intertextuality to position their statement in relation to other statements and prior knowledge.<ref>C. Bazerman (2004). Intertextualities: Volosinov, Bakhtin, literary theory, and literacy studies.  In A. Ball & S. W. Freedman (Eds.), Bakhtinian perspectives on languages, literacy, and learning (pp. 53-65). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.</ref> Students often find it difficult to learn how to combine referencing and relying on others' words with marking their novel perspective and contribution.<ref>Berkenkotter, C., Huckin, T., & Ackerman, J. (1991). Social Context and Socially Constructed Texts: The Initiation of a Graduate Student into a Writing Research Community. In ''Textual dynamics of the professions'' (pp. 191-215). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.</ref>