Editing July Monarchy (section)

=== Purge of the Legitimists ===
[[File:Illustrirte Zeitung (1843) 08 116 1 Der Sitzungssaal der Deputirtenkammer in Paris.PNG|thumb|upright=1.3|Conference hall of the chamber of deputies at the {{lang|fr|[[Palais Bourbon]]|italic=no}}]]
Meanwhile, the government expelled from the administration all [[Legitimist]] supporters who refused to pledge allegiance to the new regime, leading to the return to political affairs of most of the personnel of the [[First French Empire|First Empire]], who had themselves been expelled during the Second Restoration. This renewal of political and administrative staff was humorously illustrated by a {{lang|fr|[[vaudeville]]}} of {{lang|fr|[[Jean-François Bayard]]}}.<ref>{{lang|fr|La Foire aux places}}, {{lang|fr|comédie-vaudeville}} in one act of [[Jean-François Bayard]], played at the [[théâtre du Vaudeville]] on 25 September 1830, showed the solicitors, gathered in the antechamber of a minister: {{lang|fr|«&thinsp;Qu'on nous place / Et que justice se fasse. / Qu'on nous place / Tous en masse. / Que les placés / Soient chassés&thinsp;!&thinsp;»}} (quoted by {{harvnb|Antonetti|2002|p=625}}) {{lang|fr|«&thinsp;Savez-vous ce que c'est qu'un carliste? interroge un humoriste. Un carliste, c'est un homme qui occupe un poste dont un autre homme a envie&thinsp;!&thinsp;»}} ({{harvnb|Antonetti|2002|p=625}})</ref> The Minister of the Interior, {{lang|fr|Guizot|italic=no}}, re-appointed the entire [[prefects (France)|prefectoral administration]] and the mayors of large cities. The Minister of Justice, {{lang|fr|[[Jacques Charles Dupont de l'Eure|Dupont de l'Eure]]|italic=no}}, assisted by his secretary general, {{lang|fr|[[Joseph Mérilhou|Mérilhou]]|italic=no}}, dismissed most of the public prosecutors. In the Army, the {{lang|fr|[[Louis Auguste Victor de Ghaisne de Bourmont|General de Bourmont]]|italic=no}}, a follower of Charles X who was commanding the [[French rule in Algeria|invasion of Algeria]], was replaced by {{lang|fr|[[Bertrand Clauzel]]|italic=no}}. Generals, ambassadors, plenipotentiary ministers and half of the {{lang|fr|[[Council of State (France)|Conseil d'État]]|italic=no}} were replaced. In the [[Chamber of Deputies (France)|Chamber of Deputies]], a quarter of the seats (119) were submitted to a new election in October, leading to the defeat of the Legitimists.

In sociological terms, however, this renewal of political figures did not mark any great change of elites. The old land-owners, civil servants and liberal professions continued to dominate the state of affairs, leading the historian [[David H. Pinkney]] to deny any claim of a "new regime of a {{lang|fr|grande bourgeoisie}}".<ref>{{cite book |author=David H. Pinkney |author-link=David H. Pinkney |title=The French Revolution of 1830 |date=1972 }}</ref>