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Lieber Code
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===Black prisoners of war=== The Lieber Code military law concorded with the [[Emancipation Proclamation]] (1 January 1863) and prohibited racial discrimination against [[United States Colored Troops|black soldiers of the Union Army]], specifically the Confederate Army denying them the rights and privileges of prisoners of war.<ref>{{harvnb|Witt|2013|}}, p. 243.</ref> Those stipulations of U.S. military law specifically addressed the Confederate government's proclamation that the [[Confederate Army]] would treat captured black soldiers of the Union Army as escaped slaves, and not as prisoners of war, subject either to summary execution or to re-enslavement in the Confederacy; likewise, the white officers commanding the captured black soldiers would be denied prisoner-of-war status and would be arrested, tried, and condemned as common criminals for helping slaves escape human bondage.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/04/24/the-lieber-codes/|title=The Lieber Codes|date=April 24, 2013|newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e2126|title=Lieber Code|publisher=Oxford Public International Law|access-date=November 9, 2017}}</ref>
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