Editing Logica (section)

===Public company and the David Mann era===
[[Image:Logica Amstelveen Netherlands.jpg|thumb|right|Logica offices in Amstelveen in the Netherlands]]

The company floated on the London Stock Exchange on 26 October 1983.<ref name=inde/>  The company had 1,000 employees at this time, and they were major shareholders, owning some 40 percent of the firm.<ref name=inde/>  However the stock price remained flat during this time, and indeed would for much of the next ten years.<ref name="dir"/>

In 1985 they were faced with a [[hostile takeover]] bid by the [[Ross Perot]]-led competitor [[Electronic Data Systems]] (EDS), but they were able to fend it off.<ref name="quest"/>  Around this time the UK trade magazine ''[[Computing (magazine)|Computing]]'' named Logica as the "Company of the Decade".<ref name="quest"/>

In 1984 the company developed the automated clearing system for the UK banks ([[CHAPS]])<ref name=history>{{cite web|url=http://www.logica.com/history+and+key+milestones/350233679 |title=Logica History |publisher=Logica.com |access-date=2014-06-23}}</ref> as well as the [[Customer Service System]] for British Telecommunications (BT/CSS), the £1bn total implementation, represented largest computer project undertaken in Europe and the largest integrated database in the world.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=http://www.logica.com/history+and+key+milestones/350233679|title=History and key milestones|date=6 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006154352/http://www.logica.com/history+and+key+milestones/350233679 |archive-date=6 October 2008 }}</ref>

Logica pioneered the automated ticketing system for [[London Underground]] in 1987<ref name=history/> and a new version of the system which randomly generates [[Premium Bond]] numbers ([[Electronic Random Number Indicator Equipment|ERNIE]]) in 1988.<ref name=history/>

Logica set up joint ventures in Hong Kong with [[Jardine Matheson]] to undertake the real time trading system for the new integrated [[Hong Kong Stock Exchange]] in 1984, in Italy with [[Finsiel]] in 1993,<ref>{{cite news | url=<!--BD https://www.cbronline.com/news/logica_and_finsiel_set_up_italian_joint_venture/ --> |title=    Logica and Finsiel Set Up Italian Joint Venture | work=Computergram International | publisher=Computer Business Review | date=9 March 1993}}</ref> and in the UK with [[British Airways]] in 1990 to undertake the development of computer systems for the airline and then sell them to other airlines.<ref>{{cite news|title=British Airways to hold 51% of Speedwing Logica|publisher=Computer Business Review|date=5 August 1990|work=Computergram International|url=<!--BD https://www.cbronline.com/news/british_airways_to_hold_51_of_speedwing_logica/ -->}}</ref>  The company's research and development arm was known as Logica Cambridge and located in Cambridge, England.<ref>{{cite news | url=<!--BD https://www.cbronline.com/news/logica_cambridge_pushing_back_the_frontiers_of_human_computer_interaction/ --> | title=Logica Cambridge: Pushing Back the Frontiers of Human-Computer Interaction | work=Computergram International | publisher=Computer Business Review | date=29 September 1988 }}</ref>

Logica's competitors in the IT services and contracting realm in general included not just EDS but also [[Andersen Consulting]], [[Cap Gemini Sogeti]], and the [[Sema Group]], as well as in specialty areas (such as banking) [[Hoskyns Group]], [[Admiral Consulting]], and [[Advanced Computer Techniques]].<ref name="quest"/>

Near-original employee David Mann became managing director and CEO of the company in 1987.<ref name="is-stint"/>  Founder Philip Hughes resigned as chairman of the board of directors in 1990, and left the board entirely in 1995, focusing instead on a completely different career as a very successful [[landscape painter]].<ref name="alca">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=62bakZiNOPgC&dq=logica+len+taylor+philip+hughes&pg=PA132 | title=The New Alchemists | author-first=Charles | author-last=Handy | publisher=Hutchinson | location=London | date=2004 | edition=Paperback | pages=129–134 | isbn=9781446457276 }}</ref>  Other original founders of the company were also playing a lesser role at this point.<ref name="inde" />

During the late 1980s and early 1990s the company was led by David Mann.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.charteris.com/company/team/directors.aspx#DavidMann |title=Directors and Managers |publisher=Charteris |access-date=2014-06-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314093826/http://www.charteris.com/company/team/directors.aspx#DavidMann |archive-date=2012-03-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref>  During this period the company's turnover fell flat, and it suffered a loss in 1991, as it struggled with the effects of the [[early 1990s recession]], especially among customers in the financial services industry.<ref name="quest"/><ref name="is-stint"/>  There were also problems in the Logica US subsidiary, and changes in the software marketplace.<ref name="quest"/>  The company gained a reputation for emphasizing the creation of technically difficult, bespoke solutions, but ones that did not always maximise customer or shareholder value.<ref name="inde" /> Logica was a pioneer in the development of Text messageing systems for Mobiles making their first sale to [[Vodafone]].<ref name="auto"/>   By February 1994, Mann was out as CEO.<ref name="is-stint"/>