Editing Nucleoplasm (section)

== Similarity to cytoplasm ==
Nucleoplasm is quite similar to the cytoplasm, with the main difference being that nucleoplasm is found inside the nucleus while the cytoplasm is located inside the cell, outside of the nucleus. Their ionic compositions are nearly identical due to the ion pumps and permeability of the nuclear envelope, however, the proteins in these two fluids differ greatly. Proteins in the cytoplasm are termed cytosolic proteins which are produced by free [[ribosome]]s while proteins that localize to the nucleoplasm must undergo processing in the [[endoplasmic reticulum]] and [[golgi apparatus]] before being delivered to the nucleoplasm as part of the [[secretory pathway]]. These proteins also differ in function, as proteins that localize to the nucleoplasm are largely involved in DNA-dependent processes including cell division and gene regulation, while cytosolic proteins are mainly involved in protein modification, mRNA degradation, metabolic processes, signal transduction, and cell death.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The human cell in cytoplasm|url=https://www.proteinatlas.org/humanproteome/subcellular/cytosol|website=[[Human Protein Atlas]]}}</ref>

The cytoplasm and the nucleoplasm are both highly gelatinous structures enclosed by membranous structures- the plasma membrane and the nuclear envelope, respectively. However, while the cytoplasm is contained by a single [[lipid bilayer]] membrane, the nuclear envelope that compartmentalizes the nucleoplasm consists of two separate lipid bilayers- an outer membrane and an inner membrane.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Nuclear Membrane|url=https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Nuclear-Membrane|website=[[National Human Genome Research Institute]]}}</ref> 
The cytoplasm is also found in all known cells while nucleoplasm is only found in eukaryotic cells, as [[prokaryotic cell]]s lack a well-defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Additionally, during [[cell division]], the cytoplasm divides during [[cytokinesis]], while the nucleoplasm is released with the dissolution of the nuclear envelope, refilling only after the nuclear envelope reforms.

The organelles and other structures within the cytoplasm and nucleoplasm are organized by [[protein filament]]s within their respective compartments. The cytoplasm contains the cytoskeleton, a network of protein filaments found in all cells, while the nucleoplasm is believed to contain the nuclear matrix, a hypothetically analogous network of filaments that organizes the organelles and genetic information within the nucleus. While the structure and function of the cytoskeleton have been well documented, the exact function, and even the presence, of the nuclear matrix is disputed.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pederson |first1=Thoru |date= March 2000|title=Half a Century of "The Nuclear Matrix" |journal= Molecular Biology of the Cell|volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=799–805 |doi= 10.1091/mbc.11.3.799|pmid=10712500 |pmc=14811 }}</ref> While the exact composition of the nuclear matrix has not been confirmed, type V [[intermediate filament]]s, known as nuclear lamins, have been documented in the nucleoplasm, functioning in the structural support of the nucleus as well as the regulation of DNA replication, transcription, and chromatin organization.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Dechat |first1=Thomas |last2=Adam |first2=Stephen A. |last3=Taimen |first3=Pekka |last4=Shimi |first4=Takeshi |last5=Goldman |first5=Robert D. |date= November 2010|title=Nuclear Lamins |journal= Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology |volume=2 |issue=11 |pages=a000547 |doi=10.1101/cshperspect.a000547|pmid=20826548 |pmc=2964183 }}</ref> [[Cytoplasmic streaming]], the circular flow of cytoplasm driven by the cytoskeleton, has been well documented in the cytoplasm, aiding in intracellular transport, but this process has not been documented in the nucleoplasm.