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Numidia
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===Divided kingdom=== [[File:Roman Africa.JPG|thumb|Northern Africa under Roman rule: ''Africa'' (purple), ''Numidia'' (blue), ''Mauretania'' (green)]] After the death of Jugurtha, western Numidia, which was now called Mauretania, was added to the lands of Bocchus I.<ref name="EB1911" /> Meanwhile, Gauda, another son of Manastabal who had remained loyal to Rome, was granted central Numidia. After Gauda’s death shortly thereafter, his sons [[Hiempsal II]] and [[Hiarbas (king)|Hiarbas]] divided their father’s kingdom, ruling under Roman supervision. These Numidian and Mauretanian kings, as Roman protégés, frequently traveled to Rome, where their children were often educated and held as hostages to ensure their loyalty. Fluent in Latin and living according to Roman customs, they supported the arts, beautified their cities in Roman style, and developed their lands, which supplied Italy with a variety of agricultural products. Italians were also settled in fertile regions of Berber lands, often on lands confiscated from the indigenous population. This contributed to the increasing Romanization of North Africa. The kings of Numidia and Mauretania often took advantage of Roman internal conflicts to settle their own disputes. During the [[Sulla's civil war|civil war]] between Marius and Sulla, Marius, exiled by Sulla, sought refuge with Hiarbas, while Hiempsal II supported the dictator Sulla in 88 BC. Hiarbas, with the help of Marius’s supporters, defeated his brother Hiempsal and seized his kingdom. To counter Hiarbas and the Marian faction he had revived in Africa, Sulla sent [[Pompey|Gnaeus Pompey]] with six [[Roman legion|legions]]. Bocchus supported Pompey’s forces with a large contingent of Mauretanian cavalry commanded by Gauda, the son of his son [[Bogud]]. Hiarbas, defeated by Pompey and besieged in [[Bulla Regia]], was eventually forced to surrender to Gauda and was executed after enduring severe torture. Hiempsal II regained his kingdom and was granted Hiarbas’s former territory in 81 BC. Around the same time, Bocchus died, and Mauretania was divided between his two sons: [[Bocchus II]], who ruled the eastern part of the kingdom with the old Punic city of [[Iol]] as his capital, and Bogud, who inherited the western part with [[Tingi]] as its center.
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