Editing Nutrient sensing (section)

===Nitrogen sensing===
As one of the most vital nutrients for the development and growth of all plants, [[nitrogen]] sensing and the signalling response are vital for plants to live.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Kruok|first1=Gabriel|last2=Benoît|first2=Lacombe|last3=Agnieszka|first3=Bielach|last4=Perrine-Walker|first4=Francine|last5=Malinska|first5=Katerina|last6=Mounier|first6=Emmanuelle|last7=Hoyerova|first7=Klara|last8=Tillard|first8=Pascal|last9=Leon|first9=Sarah|last10=Ljung|first10=Karin|last11=Zazimalova|first11=Eva|title=Nitrate-Regulated Auxin Transport by NRT1.1 Defines a Mechanism for Nutrient Sensing in Plants|journal=Developmental Cell|date=June 15, 2010|volume=18|issue=6|pages=927–937|doi=10.1016/j.devcel.2010.05.008|pmid=20627075|doi-access=free}}</ref> Plants absorb nitrogen through the soil in the form of either [[nitrate]] or [[ammonia]].<ref name=":0">{{cite journal|last1=Ho|first1=Cheng-Hsun|last2=Tsay|first2=Yi-Fang|title=Nitrate, ammonium, and potassium sensing and signaling|journal=Current Opinion in Plant Biology|date=October 2010|volume=13|issue=5|pages=604–610|doi=10.1016/j.pbi.2010.08.005|pmid=20833581|doi-access=free}}</ref> In soil with low oxygen levels, ammonia is the primary nitrogen source, but toxicity is carefully controlled for with the transcription of ammonium transporters (AMTs).<ref name=":0" /> This metabolite and others including glutamate and glutamine have been shown to act as a signal of low nitrogen through regulation of nitrogen transporter gene transcription.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Coruzzi|first1=Gloria M|last2=Zhou|first2=Li|date=2001-06-01|title=Carbon and nitrogen sensing and signaling in plants: emerging 'matrix effects'|journal=Current Opinion in Plant Biology|volume=4|issue=3|pages=247–253|doi=10.1016/s1369-5266(00)00168-0|pmid=11312136}}</ref> NRT1.1, also known as CHL1, is the nitrate transceptor (transporter and receptor) found on the plasma membrane of plants.<ref name=":0" /> This is both a high and low affinity transceptor that senses varying concentrations of nitrate depending on its T101 residue phosphorylation.<ref name=":0" /> It has been shown that nitrate can also act as just a signal for plants, since [[mutants]] unable to metabolize are still able to sense the [[ion]].<ref name=":1" /> For example, many plants show the increase of nitrate-regulated genes in low nitrate conditions and consistent [[mRNA]] transcription of such genes in soil high in nitrate.<ref name=":1" /> This demonstrates the ability to sense nitrate soil concentrations without [[metabolic]] products of nitrate and still exhibit downstream genetic effects.<ref name=":1" />