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Ordinal indicator
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==Similar conventions== * Some languages use [[superior letter]]s as a typographic convention for abbreviations. For example, in pre-20th-century handwritten letters and records, English featured abbreviations like "answ<sup>d</sup>" for "answered"<ref>[https://wardepartmentpapers.org/s/home/page/abbreviations Commonly used abbreviations, Papers of the War Department, 1784-1800]</ref> and "Jo<sup>s</sup>" for "Joseph".<ref>[http://www.genealogyintime.com/dictionaries/list-of-first-name-abbreviations.html First Name Abbreviations]</ref> * Spanish uses superscript letters and ordinal indicators in some abbreviations,<ref name="dpd">{{cite book |title=Diccionario panhispánico de dudas |publisher=Real Academia Española y Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española |edition=2.ª (versión provisional) |url=https://www.rae.es/dpd/ayuda/abreviaturas |access-date=16 July 2024 |language=es |chapter=Abreviaturas}}</ref> such as ''{{lang|es|V.º B.º}}'' for ''{{lang|es|visto bueno}}'' "approved"; ''{{lang|es|n.º}}'' for ''{{lang|es|número}}'' "number"; ''{{lang|es|D.ª}}'' for ''{{lang|es|doña}}'' (an [[honorific]]); {{lang|es|M.ª}} for {{lang|es|[[Maria (given name)|María]]}} (a [[Spanish name]] frequently used in compounds like {{lang|es|[[José María|José M.ª]]}}); and ''{{lang|es|adm.<sup>ora</sup>}}'' for ''{{lang|es|administradora}}'' "administrator". The superscript characters and indicators are always preceded by a period. Traditionally, they have been underlined, but this is optional and less frequent today. Portuguese forms some abbreviations in the same manner; for example: ''{{lang|pt|Ex.<sup>mo</sup>}}'' for ''{{lang|pt|[[Excelentíssimo]]}}'' (an [[honorific]]), ''{{lang|pt|L.<sup><u>da</u></sup>}}'' for ''{{lang|pt|Limitada}}'' ([[Ltd.]]), and ''{{lang|pt|Sr.ª}}'' for ''{{lang|pt|Senhora}}'' ([[Ms.]]). * English has borrowed the ''No.'' abbreviation from the [[Romance languages|Romance-language]] word ''{{lang|mis|numero}}'', which itself derives from the Latin word ''{{lang|la|numero}}'', the [[Ablative (Latin)|ablative case]] of the word ''{{lang|la|numerus}}'' "number".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/nox?view=uk|title=no<nowiki>.</nowiki>|website=AskOxford.com Oxford Dictionaries|publisher=Oxford University Press|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060317013723/http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/nox?view=uk|archive-date=17 March 2006 |url-status=dead|access-date=10 July 2018}}</ref> This is sometimes written as ''N<sup>o</sup>'', with the superscript ''o'' optionally underlined, or sometimes with the ordinal indicator. In this case the ordinal indicator would simply represent the letter ''o'' in ''{{lang|la|numero}}''; see [[numero sign]]. * In English, superscript abbreviations were common. Sometimes the characters for the ordinal indicators ({{char|º}} and {{char|ª}}) are used for one of these purposes, which may be considered a misuse if other characters are preferred for these contexts. {{anchor|German|German}}{{anchor|Czech|Czech}}{{anchor|Slovak|Slovak}}
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