Editing Pan and scan (section)

===Adjusting cinematography to account for aspect ratios===
Changes in screen angle (panning) may be necessary to prevent closeups between two speakers where only one person is visible in the pan and scan version and both participants seem to speak alternately to persons off-camera; this comes at the cost of losing the smoothness of scenes. Conversely, the cropping of a film originally shown in the standard ratio to fit widescreen televisions may cut off foreground or background, such as a [[tap-dance]] scene in which much attention is directed appropriately at a dancer's feet. This situation commonly occurs when a widescreen TV is set to display full images without stretching (often called the zoom setting) for content with an aspect ratio of 1.78:1 or less. The solution is to [[pillar box (film)|pillar box]] the image by adding black bars on either side of the image, which maintains the full picture height. In Europe, where the [[PAL]] TV format offers more resolution, pan and scan broadcasts and movie DVDs originally shown in widescreen are relatively rare, unless it is programming broadcasts aimed at family viewing times like ''[[A Bug's Life]]''. However, on some channels in some countries (such as the [[United Kingdom]]), films with an aspect ratio of more than 1.85:1 are panned and scanned slightly to fit the broadcast 1.78:1 ratio.