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Plantar reflex
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== Babinski-like responses == The plantar reflex can be elicited in a number of ways, which were described in the late 19th and early 20th century. These have their own eponyms.<ref name="pmid11146592">{{cite journal|last=Kumar|first=SP|author2=Ramasubramanian, D |title=The Babinski sign--a reappraisal.|journal=Neurology India|date=December 2000|volume=48|issue=4|pages=314–8|pmid=11146592|url=http://www.neurologyindia.com/article.asp?issn=0028-3886;year=2000;volume=48;issue=4;spage=314;epage=8;aulast=Kumar}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Clinical methods : the history, physical, and laboratory examinations|year=1990|publisher=Butterworths|location=Boston|isbn=978-0-409-90077-4|author=Walker, H. Kenneth|edition=3rd|author2=Hall, W. Dallas |author3=Schlossberg, J. Willis Hurst |author4=illustrations by Leon |author5= Boyter, Charles H. |editor=Walker, H. Kenneth|chapter=Chapter 73 The Plantar Reflex|quote=Table 73.1 Variants of the Babinski Sign|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK397/}}</ref><ref name=Silva>{{cite book|last1=Silva Rosas|first1=Carlos|title=Semiología y Fundamentos de la Neurología Clínica|date=2013|publisher=AMOLCA|isbn=978-958-8760-73-5|pages=66–67|edition=First|url=http://www.amolca.com/semiologia-y-fundamentos-de-la-neurologia-clinica/}}</ref> *[[Bing's sign|Bing sign]] – multiple pinpricks on the [[Dorsum (biology)|dorsum]] of the foot *[[Cornell's sign|Cornell sign]] – scratching along the inner side of the [[Extensor hallucis longus muscle|extensor hallucis longus]] tendon *[[Chaddock reflex|Chaddock sign]] – stroking the [[lateral malleolus]] * Doug's sign – electrically stimulating peripheral nerves during a [[nerve conduction study]] *[[Gonda's sign|Gonda sign]] – [[Flexion|flexing]] and suddenly releasing the 4th toe *[[Gordon's sign|Gordon sign]] – squeezing the calf muscle *[[Moniz sign]] – forceful passive [[Plantarflexion|plantar flexion]] of the ankle *[[Oppenheim's sign|Oppenheim sign]] – applying pressure to the medial side of the [[tibia]] *[[Schaeffer's sign|Schaeffer sign]] – squeezing the [[Achilles tendon]] * Silva sign – pinching the [[rectus femoris muscle]]<ref name=Silva /> *[[Stransky's sign|Stransky sign]] – vigorously [[Abduction (kinesiology)|abducting]] and suddenly releasing the [[Fifth toe|little toe]] *[[Strümpell's sign|Strümpell sign]] – patient attempts to flex the knee against resistance *[[Throckmorton's reflex|Throckmorton reflex]] – percussion over the [[Metatarsophalangeal articulations|metatarsophalangeal joint]] of the big toe === Abnormal reflexes seen as flexion of toes === *[[Bekhterev-Mendel reflex]] – flexion of the 2nd to 5th toes on percussion of the dorsum of the foot *[[Rossolimo's sign|Rossolimo sign]] – exaggerated flexion of the toes induced by rapid percussion on the tips of the toes
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