Editing Polikarpov I-16 (section)

==Variants==
<small>''There is considerable disagreement in literature on features of particular I-16 variants. This list is based on the following references.<ref>Liss 1966, p. 8.</ref><ref name="Shavrov 1985">Shavrov 1985</ref><ref>Green 2001, pp. 473–475.</ref></small>
[[File:Operation Barbarossa - Russian planes.jpg|thumb|Polikarpov UTI-4, a two seater training version of the I-16 Soviet fighter, sitting damaged on the ground following an attack by German forces during [[Operation Barbarossa]].]]
[[File:Polikarpov I-16.jpg|thumb|Polikarpov I-16 at [[EAA AirVenture Oshkosh]] 2003]]
[[File:Chung 28A.jpg|thumb|Chung 28A in front of the hangar. China 1939.]]
;TsKB-12
:First prototype, [[Bristol Jupiter|M-22 engine]], 336&nbsp;kW (450&nbsp;hp), two unsynchronized [[ShKAS]] machine guns in the wings with 900 rpg.
;TsKB-12bis
:Second prototype, [[Wright R-1820|Wright SGR-1820-F-3 Cyclone]] engine, 533&nbsp;kW (715&nbsp;hp)
;TsKB-12P (I-16P)
:Prototype armed with two [[ShVAK]] cannon in the wings, 150 rpg.
;TsKB-18
:Ground attack prototype with M-22 engine and armored cockpit. Armed with four ShKAS or [[PV-1 machine gun]]s and 100&nbsp;kg (220&nbsp;lb) of bombs. Two additional Type 5s were fitted with six ShKAS machine guns of which four could decline to 20° for ground strafing.
;TsKB-29 (SPB)
:Pneumatically-operated landing gear and flaps, Wright Cyclone engine, armament of two ShKAS machine guns, used as a high-speed dive bomber in the [[Zveno project]]
;I-16 Type 1
:Pre-production series, M-22 engine with 358&nbsp;kW (480&nbsp;hp).
;I-16 Type 4
:First production version, M-22 engine.
;I-16 Type 5
:Type 4 with a streamlined and tapered engine cowling, [[Shvetsov M-25]] engine with 522&nbsp;kW (700&nbsp;hp). 2 prototypes tested with M-62 engine as well. Mass-produced.
;I-16 Type 6
:[[Shvetsov M-25]]B engine, 545&nbsp;kW (730&nbsp;hp). Weight reduction down to 1383&nbsp;kg.
;I-16 Type 10
:Four ShKAS machine guns (two synchronized in the fuselage and two in the wings), windscreen replaced the sliding canopy, could be fitted with retractable skis for winter operations, M-25B engine with 560&nbsp;kW (750&nbsp;hp). [[Hispano-Suiza]]-built aircraft were powered by the Wright Cyclone R-1820-F-54 engine.
;I-16 Type 12
: Version of I-16 Type 5 with 2 ShKAS machine guns and 2 ShVAK cannons.
;I-16 Type 16
:Type 10 with synchronized ShVAK 12.7mm prototypes. Only three were built, all in January 1939, with serial numbers 16211-16213. They passed factory trials and were delivered to the VVS for military trials.<ref name="Маслов_55"/>
;I-16 Type 17
:Type 10 with two ShKAS machine guns and two ShVAK cannon, rubber tail wheel, M-25V engine with 560&nbsp;kW (750&nbsp;hp). Some aircraft were fitted with an additional 12.7&nbsp;mm (0.5&nbsp;in) [[Berezin UB]] machine gun for strafing.
;I-16 Type 18
:Type 10 with [[Shvetsov M-62]] engine producing 620&nbsp;kW (830&nbsp;hp), with a two-speed supercharger and a variable-pitch propeller. Capable of carrying two 100&nbsp;L (26&nbsp;US gal) underwing fuel tanks.
;I-16 Type 19
:Identical to the Type 10, except for the replacement of their wing-mounted ShKAS machine guns with [[Savin–Norov machine gun]]s; the propeller-synchronized ShKAS were not replaced. Only three aircraft were built in this configuration, all in January 1939. They had serial numbers 19211-19213. They were first used as test platform for the new gun and then delivered to the VVS as I-16SN. They saw action during the [[Winter War]].<ref name="Маслов_55">{{cite book|author=Маслов М. А.|script-title=ru:Истребитель И-16. Норовистый "ишак" сталинских соколов|publisher=Яуза / Коллекция / ЭКСМО| year=2008|isbn=978-5-699-25660-0|pages=55–57|language=ru}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=С.В. Иванов|script-title=ru:''И-16: Боевой "Ишак" сталинских соколов. Часть 2''|series=Война в воздухе|volume=43|publisher=ООО "АРС"|language=ru|quote="Раньше чем начались испытательные стрельбы ультраШКАСа, два инженера, Савин и Норов, представили в 1935 г. на испытания еще один авиационный пулемет СН скорострельностью 2800–3000 выстрелов в минуту. В 1936 г. пулемет успешно прошел стрельбовые испытания, а в 1937 г. был рекомендован к серийному производству. Пулеметами СН немедленно вооружили истребители И-16; И-16 с пулеметами СН получили обозначение тип 19, несмотря на то, что кроме вооружения самолет ничем не отличался от И-16 тип 10. Пулеметами СН заменили крыльевые ШКАСы, синхронные пулеметы остались прежними – ШКАСы. В начале 1939 г. завод № 21 изготовил три И-16 тип 19 (заводские номера 192111<!-- there was typo here, an extra "1" in the original-->, 19212 и 19213). С 17 по 26 марта самолеты испытывал заводской летчик-испытатель Томас Сузи. По результатам испытаний было рекомендовано построить партию таких самолетов. Но массовое производство посчитали нецелесообразным. Под обозначением И-16СН истребители передали в ВВС. Весной 1939 г. на вооружение ВВС РККА был принят авиационный пулемет ультраШКАС. Истребители, вооруженные ультраШКАСАми и СН, приняли участие в войне с Финляндией зимой 1939–1940 г.г."|year=2001}}</ref>
;I-16 Type 20
:This designation was first applied to four prototypes built in February 1939 at Factory 21 and armed with Savin–Norov (SN) machine guns synchronized to fire through the propeller. This type was however rejected in August 1939, and then the designation reused for the first I-16 version (otherwise the same as the type 10) capable of carrying [[drop tank]]s. These 93&nbsp;L (25&nbsp;US gal) tanks were designated PSB-21. Eighty aircraft of this specific type were delivered. Additionally, all I-16 types built after January 1940 could use these drop tanks.<ref name="Маслов_55"/>
;I-16 Type 21 and Type 22
: These were planned to have four synchronized machine guns all firing through the propeller. Type 21 was to use only ShKAS, while type 22 was supposed to use a mixture of ShKAS and SN machine guns. Both types however existed only on paper; no aircraft of these types went into service.<ref name="Маслов_55"/>
;I-16 Type 23
: Type 10 additionally armed with [[RS-82]] rockets; 35 were built starting in May 1939. Further production of this type was cancelled in August 1939.<ref name="Маслов_55"/>
;I-16 Type 24
:Four ShKAS, landing flaps replaced drooping ailerons, tailwheel added, second cockpit door added on the starboard side, [[Shvetsov M-63]] engine with 670&nbsp;kW (900&nbsp;hp).
;I-16 Type 27
:Type 17 with an M-62 engine.
;I-16 Type 28
:Type 24 with two ShKAS and two ShVAK.
;I-16 Type 29
:Two synchronized ShKAS in the nose and a single 12.7&nbsp;mm (0.50&nbsp;in) [[Berezin UB|UBS]] in the bottom of the fuselage; it had no guns in wings which were reserved for ground attack weapons. Three rocket racks were mounted in each wing. Additionally, starting in 1941, the external fuel tank hardpoint was changed so that it became multipurpose: it could carry the new type of drop tank, PLBG-100, or a FAB-100 bomb. Wartime photographs from the summer of 1941 show two configurations: one with 6 [[RS-82 rocket]]s and two FAB-100 bombs and another with four RS-132 rockets.<ref name="Маслов_145">{{cite book|author=Маслов М. А.|script-title=ru:Истребитель И-16. Норовистый "ишак" сталинских соколов|publisher=Яуза / Коллекция / ЭКСМО| year=2008|isbn=978-5-699-25660-0|pages=144–145|language=ru}}</ref>
;I-16 Type 30
:Re-entered production in 1941–42, M-63 engine.
;I-16TK
:Type 10 with a [[turbocharger]] for improved high-altitude performance, reached 494&nbsp;km/h (307&nbsp;mph) at 8,600&nbsp;m ( 28,200 ft), did not enter production.
;UTI-1
:Two-seat trainer version of Type 1.
;UTI-2
:Improved UTI-1 with fixed landing gear.
;UTI-4 (I-16UTI) also known as I-16 Type 15
:Two-seat trainer version of Type 5, most with fixed landing gear. This model was built in significant numbers, approximately 3,400 were produced.<ref name="Маслов_76">{{cite book|author=Маслов М. А.|script-title=ru:Истребитель И-16. Норовистый "ишак" сталинских соколов|publisher=Яуза / Коллекция / ЭКСМО| year=2008|isbn=978-5-699-25660-0|page=76|language=ru}}</ref>
;Chung 28A
:Chinese product version, base on the I-16 Type 6 with 712hp Wright R-1820-F3 engine (Maximum speed 455 km/h), armed with two Browning machine gun. total 30 built (3 fighter & 30 Trainer).<ref>{{cite book|author=姜长英|script-title=zh:中国航空史料|publisher=清华大学出版社| year=2000|isbn=7-302-04021-4|volume=1|pages=117–118|language=zh}}</ref>