Editing Power electronics (section)

=== Single-phase full-bridge inverter ===

[[File:Phase Voltage Source Full-Bridge Inverter.jpg|thumb|left|'''FIGURE 3:''' Single-phase voltage source full-bridge inverter]]
[[File:Carrier and Modulating Signals for the Bipolar Pulsewidth Modulation Technique.jpg|thumb|left|'''FIGURE 4:''' Carrier and modulating signals for the bipolar pulsewidth modulation technique]]

The full-bridge inverter is similar to the half bridge-inverter, but it has an additional leg to connect the neutral point to the load.<ref name=Rashid3 /> Figure 3 shows the circuit schematic of the single-phase voltage source full-bridge inverter.

To avoid shorting out the voltage source, S1+, and S1− cannot be on at the same time, and S2+ and S2− also cannot be on at the same time. Any modulating technique used for the full-bridge configuration should have either the top or the bottom switch of each leg on at any given time. Due to the extra leg, the maximum amplitude of the output waveform is Vi, and is twice as large as the maximum achievable output amplitude for the half-bridge configuration.<ref name=Rashid3 />

States 1 and 2 from Table 2 are used to generate the AC output voltage with bipolar SPWM. The AC output voltage can take on only two values, either Vi or −Vi. To generate these same states using a half-bridge configuration, a carrier based technique can be used. S+ being on for the half-bridge corresponds to S1+ and S2− being on for the full-bridge. Similarly, S− being on for the half-bridge corresponds to S1− and S2+ being on for the full bridge. The output voltage for this modulation technique is more or less sinusoidal, with a fundamental component that has an amplitude in the linear region of less than or equal to one<ref name=Rashid3 /> '''{{math|v<sub>o1</sub> {{=}}v<sub>ab1</sub>{{=}} v<sub>i</sub>{{*}}m<sub>a</sub>}}'''.

Unlike the bipolar PWM technique, the unipolar approach uses states 1, 2, 3, and 4 from Table 2 to generate its AC output voltage. Therefore, the AC output voltage can take on the values Vi, 0 or −V [1]i. To generate these states, two sinusoidal modulating signals, Vc and −Vc, are needed, as seen in Figure 4.

Vc is used to generate VaN, while –Vc is used to generate VbN. The following relationship is called unipolar carrier-based SPWM '''{{math|v<sub>o1</sub> {{=}}2{{*}}v<sub>aN1</sub>{{=}} v<sub>i</sub>{{*}}m<sub>a</sub>}}'''.

The phase voltages VaN and VbN are identical, but 180 degrees out of phase with each other. The output voltage is equal to the difference of the two-phase voltages, and do not contain any even harmonics. Therefore, if mf is taken, even the AC output voltage harmonics will appear at normalized odd frequencies, fh. These frequencies are centered on double the value of the normalized carrier frequency. This particular feature allows for smaller filtering components when trying to obtain a higher quality output waveform.<ref name=Rashid3 />

As was the case for the half-bridge SHE, the AC output voltage contains no even harmonics due to its odd half and odd quarter-wave symmetry.<ref name=Rashid3 />