Editing Programming (music) (section)

=== Drum machines ===
Around the time of the 1950s, electric rhythm machines began to make way into [[popular music]]. These machines began to gain much traction amongst many artists as they saw it as a way to create [[Percussion instrument|percussion]] sounds in an easier and more efficient way. Artists who used this kind of technology include [[J. J. Cale]], [[Sly Stone]], [[Phil Collins]], [[Marvin Gaye]], and [[Prince (musician)|Prince]]. Some of the popular [[drum machine]]s through the time of the 1950s-1970s were the Side Man, Ace Tone's Rhythm Ace, Korg's Doncamatic, and Maestro's Rhythm King. In 1979, the [[Linn LM-1|LM-1]] drum machine computer was released by guitarist [[Roger Linn]], its goal being to help artists achieve realistic sounding drum sounds. This drum machine had eight different drum sounds: [[Bass drum|kick drum]], [[Snare drum|snare]], [[hi-hat]], [[cabasa]], [[tambourine]], two [[Tom drum|tom toms]], two [[Conga|congas]], [[Cowbell (instrument)|cowbell]], [[Clave (rhythm)|clave]], and [[Clapping|handclaps]]. The different sounds could be recorded individually and they sounded real because of the high [[Frequency|frequencies]] of the sound (28&nbsp;kHz). Some notable artists who used the LM-1 were [[Peter Gabriel]], [[Stevie Wonder]], [[Michael Jackson]], and [[Madonna]].<ref name=Brett /> These developments continued to happen in future decades leading to the creation of new [[Electronic musical instrument|electrical instruments]] such as the [[Theremin]], [[Hammond organ]], [[electric guitar]], [[synthesizer]], and [[digital sampler]]. Other technologies such as the [[phonograph]], [[Tape recorder|tape-recorder]], and [[compact disc]] have enabled artists to create and produce sounds without the use of live musicians.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Pinch|first1=Trevor|last2=Bijsterveld|first2=Karin|date=October 2004|title=Sound Studies: New Technologies and Music|url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0306312704047615|journal=[[Social Studies of Science]]|volume=34|issue=5|pages=635–648|doi=10.1177/0306312704047615|s2cid=113623790 |issn=0306-3127|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Howe|first=Hubert S. Jr.|date=Spring–Summer 1966|title=Music and Electronics: A Report|jstor=832214|journal=[[Perspectives of New Music]]|volume=4|issue=2|pages=68–75 (68)|doi=10.2307/832214}}</ref>