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Pygmy mammoth
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==Extinction== The youngest records of the species date to around 13,000 years ago. This time coincides with the reduction of the area of Santa Rosae as a result of rising sea level, the arrival of humans in the Channel Islands (as evidenced by [[Arlington Springs Man]]) and climatic change resulting in the decline of the previously dominant conifer forest ecosystems and expansion of scrub and grassland, possibly induced by [[wildfire]]s. It is therefore difficult to disentangle the precise causes of its extinction,<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">{{Cite journal |last1=Hardiman |first1=Mark |last2=Scott |first2=Andrew C. |last3=Pinter |first3=Nicholas |last4=Anderson |first4=R. Scott |last5=Ejarque |first5=Ana |last6=Carter-Champion |first6=Alice |last7=Staff |first7=Richard A. |date=2016-06-05 |title=Fire history on the California Channel Islands spanning human arrival in the Americas |journal=Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |language=en |volume=371 |issue=1696 |pages=20150167 |doi=10.1098/rstb.2015.0167 |issn=0962-8436 |pmc=4874405 |pmid=27216524}}</ref> though the pygmy mammoths had likely survived a greater reduction in island area during the preceding [[Last Interglacial]]/[[Sangamonian]].<ref name=":0" />
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