Editing Pyotr Stolypin (section)

==Legacy==
{{also|1905 Russian Revolution|October Manifesto|State Duma (Russian Empire)}}
[[File:Kyiv-stolypin-statue.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1|A statue of Pyotr Stolypin near the [[Kyiv City Duma building]], removed after the [[February Revolution]].]]
[[File:Pyotr Stolypin 2018 Столыпин, Пётр Аркадьевич_Vadim Chuprina.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1|Stolypin's grave in the [[Pechersk Monastery]] (Lavra) in [[Kyiv]].]]

Since 1905 Russia had been plagued by widespread political dissatisfaction and revolutionary unrest. With broad support, leftist organizations waged a violent campaign against the autocracy; throughout Russia, many police officials and bureaucrats were assassinated. "Stolypin inspected rebellious areas unarmed and without bodyguards. During one of these trips, somebody dropped a bomb under his feet. There were casualties, but Stolypin survived."<ref name="Angelfire">{{cite web|url=http://www.angelfire.com/pa/ImperialRussian/blog/index.blog?topic_id=1069120|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716072043/http://www.angelfire.com/pa/ImperialRussian/blog/index.blog?topic_id=1069120|url-status=dead|archive-date=16 July 2011|title=ROYAL RUSSIA NEWS. THE ROMANOV DYNASTY & THEIR LEGACY, MONARCHY, HISTORY OF IMPERIAL & HOLY RUSSIA|access-date=12 March 2017}}</ref> To respond to these attacks, Stolypin introduced a new court system of [[martial law]], that allowed for the arrest and speedy trial of accused offenders. Over 3,000 (possibly 5,500) suspects were convicted and executed by these special courts between 1906 and 1909.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}} In a Duma session on 17 November 1907, [[Kadet]] party member {{Ill|Fedor Rodichev|ru|Родичев, Фёдор Измайлович}} referred to the gallows as "Stolypin's efficient black Monday necktie". Outraged, Stolypin challenged Rodichev to a duel, but Rodichev apologized to avert it. Nevertheless, the expression became popular.{{sfn|Ascher|2001|p={{page?|date=September 2024}}}} The capacious railroad cars used for Siberian resettlement were named [[Stolypin car]]s.{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}

There remains doubt whether, even without the disruption of Stolypin's murder and the [[First World War]], his agricultural policy could have succeeded. The deep conservatism from the mass of peasants made them slow to respond. In 1914 the [[Open field system|strip system]] was still widespread, with only around 10% of the land having been consolidated into farms.<ref name="Lynch">Lynch, Michael ''From Autocracy to Communism: Russia 1894–1941'' p. 42 {{ISBN|978-0-340-96590-0}}</ref> Most peasants were unwilling to leave the security of the commune for the uncertainty of individual farming. Furthermore, by 1913, the government's own Ministry of Agriculture had itself begun to lose confidence in the policy.<ref name="Lynch" /> Nevertheless, Krivoshein became the most powerful figure in the Imperial government.

Lenin in the Paris newspaper said, "Social-Democrat" on 31 October 1911, wrote "Stolypin and the Revolution", calling for the "mortification of the uber-lyncher",<ref>https://leninism.su/bo</ref>
Opinion is divided on Stolypin's legacy, and historians disagree over how realistic Stolypin's policies were. Some{{who|date=September 2019}} approve of his firm hand to suppress revolt and anarchy in the unruly atmosphere after the [[Russian Revolution of 1905|1905 Revolution]].{{citation needed|date=September 2019}}oks/4051-lenin-vo-franczii.html?start=19 Lenin in France – Stolypin and the Revolution (Ленин во Франции – Столыпин и революция)]. leninism.su</ref> saying:
″Stolypin tried to pour new wine into old bottles, to reshape the old autocracy into a bourgeois monarchy; and the failure of Stolypin's policy is the failure of tsarism on this last, the last conceivable, road for tsarism."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1911/oct/18.htm|title=Lenin: Stolypin and the Revolution|website=www.marxists.org}}</ref>

In "[[Name of Russia (Russia TV)|Name of Russia]]", a 2008 television poll to select "the greatest Russian", Stolypin placed second, behind [[Alexander Nevsky]] and followed by [[Joseph Stalin]].<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7802485.stm Stalin voted third-best Russian] BBC</ref> He is seen by his admirers as the greatest statesman Russia ever had, the one who could have saved the country from revolution and the civil war.<ref>O. Figes (1996) A People's Tragedy. The Russian Revolution 1891–1924, p. 221.</ref>

On 27 December 2012, a monument to Pyotr Stolypin was unveiled in Moscow to mark the 150th anniversary of his birth. The monument, designed by [[Andrei Korobtsov]] is situated near the [[Russian White House]], seat of the [[Government of Russia]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Monument to P.A. Stolypin {{!}} Sculptor Andrey Korobtsov|url=https://korobtsov.com/en/works/monuments/monument-to-p.a.-stolypin|access-date=2021-12-09|website=korobtsov.com|date=9 November 2017}}</ref> At the foot of the pedestal, a bronze plaque quotes Stolypin: ''"We must all unite in defense of Russia, coordinate our efforts, our duties and our rights in order to maintain one of Russia's historic supreme rights – to be strong."''