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Reader-response criticism
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==Objections== Reader-response critics hold that in order to understand a text, one must look to the processes readers use to create meaning and experience. Traditional text-oriented schools, such as [[formalism (literature)|formalism]], often think of reader-response criticism as an [[anarchic]] [[subjectivism]], allowing readers to interpret a text any way they want. Text-oriented critics claim that one can understand a text while remaining immune to one's own culture, status, [[Personality psychology|personality]], and so on, and hence "objectively." To reader-response based theorists, however, reading is always both [[subject (philosophy)|subjective]] and [[objectivity (philosophy)|objective]]. Some reader-response critics (uniformists) assume a bi-active model of reading: the literary work controls part of the response and the reader controls part. Others, who see that position as internally contradictory, claim that the reader controls the whole transaction (individualists). In such a reader-active model, readers and audiences use amateur or professional procedures for reading (shared by many others) as well as their personal issues and values. Another objection to reader-response criticism is that it fails to account for the text being able to expand the reader's understanding. While readers can and do put their own ideas and experiences into a work, they are at the same time gaining new understanding through the text. This is something that is generally overlooked in reader-response criticism.{{Citation needed|date=December 2018}}
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