Editing Rebadging (section)

=== Joint ventures ===
Two automakers can also pool resources by operating a [[joint venture]] to create a product and then selling each as their own. For example, [[General Motors]] and [[Toyota]] formed [[NUMMI]]. The vehicles produced from this venture (though not necessarily at NUMMI itself) included the [[Toyota Sprinter]]/[[Chevrolet Prizm]], and later the [[Toyota Matrix]]/[[Pontiac Vibe]]. In another agreement, Ford and Nissan developed and produced the [[Mercury Villager]] and [[Nissan Quest]] minivans from 1993 through 2002.

Another example was the cooperative work between [[Volkswagen]] and [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]] to develop the [[Volkswagen Sharan|VW Sharan]], [[Ford Galaxy]], and [[SEAT Alhambra]].

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| image1 = 2003-2004 Pontiac Vibe -- 05-23-2010.jpg
| caption1 = [[Pontiac Vibe]]
| width1 = 215
| image2 = 05-08 Toyota Matrix.jpg
| caption2 = [[Toyota Matrix]]
| width2 = 187
| image3 = Toyota Voltz (24391445710) (cropped).jpg
| caption3 = [[Toyota Voltz]]
| width3 = 199
| image4 = 
| caption4 = [[Pontiac Montana]]
| width4 = 
| image5 = 
| caption5 = [[Buick GL8]]/[[Buick Terraza]]
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| alt1 = 
}}

{{Multiple image
| align = center
| direction = horizontal
| image1 = VW Sharan front 20071026.jpg
| caption1 = [[VW Sharan]]
| width1 = 189
| image2 = Ford Galaxy front 20071109.jpg
| caption2 = [[Ford Galaxy]]
| width2 = 200
| image3 = Seat Alhambra TDI Facelift Reflexsilber.JPG
| caption3 = [[SEAT Alhambra]]
| width3 = 160
| total_width = 
| alt1 = 
}}

Badge engineering may occur when one company allows another, otherwise unaffiliated, company to market a revised version of their product through an OEM deal, as with [[Volkswagen]] marketing a modified version of the [[Dodge Caravan]] and [[Chrysler Town and Country]] minivans as the [[Volkswagen Routan]] (2009–2014).

Another example was the joint venture of Mitsubishi and Chrysler that resulted in vehicles produced by [[Diamond-Star Motors]] that were marketed under various nameplates from 1985 until 1993.

{{Multiple image
| align = center
| direction = horizontal
| image1 = 2008 Chrysler Town & Country LX.jpg
| caption1 = [[Chrysler Town & Country]]<br/>(fifth generation)
| width1 = 202
| image2 = Dodge Grand Caravan SXT.jpg
| caption2 = [[Dodge Grand Caravan]]<br/>(fifth generation)
| width2 = 187
| image3 = Volkswagen Routan.jpg
| caption3 = [[Volkswagen Routan]]
| width3 = 193
| image4 = Lancia Voyager 2.8 MultiJet 16v Gold – Frontansicht, 10. März 2012, Düsseldorf.jpg
| caption4 = Lancia Voyager
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| alt1 = 
}}

==== China ====
In China, foreign manufacturers were required to form a joint venture with a local manufacturer to manufacture automobiles in the country.<ref>{{cite web|title=Impact of China Removal of Foreign Ownership Restrictions in Auto Sector |url= https://www.kwm.com/en/de/knowledge/insights/impact-of-china-removal-of-foreign-ownership-restrictions-in-auto-sector-20200414|access-date=8 December 2020 |website=kwm.com}}</ref> Prior to 2022, the Chinese government dictates that no more than two joint ventures are allowed for each foreign investor.<ref>{{cite web|title=China Foreign Investment: Expert Q&A – Spotlight on Automotive Manufacturing |url= https://www.nortonrosefulbright.com/en-id/knowledge/publications/100ea852/china-foreign-investment-expert-q-and-a-spotlight-on-automotive-manufacturing |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=nortonrosefulbright.com |language=en-ID}}</ref> Larger foreign manufacturers often set up two joint ventures to maximize the market reach, including Toyota ([[FAW Toyota]] and [[GAC Toyota]]), Ford (JMC-Ford and [[Changan Ford]]), Volkswagen ([[SAIC Volkswagen|SAIC-VW]] and [[FAW-Volkswagen|FAW-VW]]) and Honda ([[Dongfeng Honda]] and [[Guangqi Honda]]). To distribute the production and sales rights to each joint venture, manufacturers often resort to a similar strategy deployed in Japan: simply producing the exact model under two different names with minor changes to exterior bodywork.

GAC Toyota has produced the Levin as a twin model to the FAW Toyota-built [[Toyota Corolla|Corolla]] and the Wildlander as the alternative to the [[Toyota RAV4|RAV4]]. Honda awarded several models to two joint ventures, which spawned the Breeze from the original [[Honda CR-V|CR-V]], the [[Honda Elysion|Elysion]] from the [[Honda Odyssey (international)|Odyssey]], the XR-V from the [[Honda HR-V|HR-V]], and others.

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| image1 = FAW-Toyota Corolla Hybrid E210 of guangzhou auto show 2018 (cropped).jpg
| caption1 = [[Toyota Corolla (E210)|FAW-Toyota Corolla]]
| width1 = 225
| image2 = GAC Toyota Levin Hybrid E210 of guangzhou auto show 2018 (cropped).jpg
| caption2 = [[Toyota Levin (E210)|GAC-Toyota Levin]]
| width2 = 225
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{{Multiple image
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| direction = horizontal
| image1 = Honda Vezel 01 Auto China 2014-04-23.jpg
| caption1 = [[Honda Vezel|GAC-Honda Vezel]]
| width1 = 220
| image2 = Dongfeng Honda XR-V.JPG
| caption2 = [[Honda XR-V|Dongfeng-Honda XR-V]]
| width2 = 230
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In other cases, foreign manufacturers may also rebadge a model developed by its partner, sometimes for exports to other markets. Examples include the second generation [[Chevrolet Captiva]] which is an export version of the [[Baojun 530]] made by [[SAIC-GM-Wuling]], or the [[Ford Territory (China)|Ford Territory]], a reworked version of the [[Yusheng S330]] developed by [[Jiangling Motors|Jiangling Motors (JMC)]].

{{Multiple image
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| image1 = JMC Yunsheng S330 facelift 8.14.18.jpg
| caption1 = [[Yusheng S330|JMC Yusheng S330]]
| width1 = 232
| image2 = Ford Territory CN 01 China 2019-04-04.jpg
| caption2 = [[Ford Territory (China)|Ford Territory]]
| width2 = 220
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