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Shtetl
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===Literary references===<!-- This section is linked from [[Kasrilevke]] --> The city of [[Chełm]], in what is today southeastern Poland, figures prominently in the Jewish humor as the legendary [[town of fools]]: the [[Wise Men of Chelm]]. [[Kasrilevka]], the setting of many of [[Sholem Aleichem]]'s stories, and Anatevka, the setting of the [[musical theatre|musical]] ''[[Fiddler on the Roof]]'' (based on other stories of Sholem Aleichem), are other notable fictional {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetls}}. [[Devorah Baron]] made [[aliyah]] to [[Ottoman Palestine]] in 1910, after a pogrom destroyed her shtetl near [[Minsk]]. But she continued writing about {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetl}} life long after she had arrived in Palestine. Many of [[Joseph Roth]]'s books are based on {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetls}} on the Eastern fringes of the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]] and most notably on his hometown [[Brody]]. Many of [[Isaac Bashevis Singer]]'s short stories and novels are set in {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetls}}. Singer's mother was the daughter of the rabbi of [[Biłgoraj]], a town in south-eastern Poland. As a child, Singer lived in Biłgoraj for periods with his family, and he wrote that life in the small town made a deep impression on him. The 2002 novel ''[[Everything Is Illuminated]]'', by [[Jonathan Safran Foer]], tells a fictional story set in the Ukrainian {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetl}} Trachimbrod ([[Trochenbrod]]). The 1992 children's book ''Something from Nothing'', written and illustrated by [[Phoebe Gilman]], is an adaptation of a traditional [[Jewish folklore|Jewish folk tale]] set in a fictional {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetl}}. In 1996 the ''[[Frontline (American TV program)|Frontline]]'' programme "{{lang|yi-Latn|Shtetl|italic=unset}}" broadcast; it was about Polish Christian and Jewish relations.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shtetl/reactions/ |title=Reactions to Shtetl |work=[[Frontline (American TV program)|Frontline]] |publisher=[[Public Broadcasting Service]] |access-date=15 December 2009}}</ref> [[Harry Turtledove]]'s 2011 short story "Shtetl Days",<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.tor.com/2011/04/14/shtetl-days/ | title=Shtetl Days | date=14 April 2011 }}</ref> begins in a typical {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetl}} reminiscent of the works of [[Sholem Aleichem|Aleichem]], Roth, et al., but soon reveals a plot twist which subverts the genre. The award-winning 2014 novel [[The Books of Jacob]] by [[Olga Tokarczuk]] features many {{lang|yi-Latn|shtetl}} communities across the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]].<ref>Tokarczuk, O. (2022). ''The Books of Jacob'', Riverhead Books.</ref>
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