Editing Sprite (computer graphics) (section)

==Systems with hardware sprites==
These are base hardware specs and do not include additional programming techniques, such as using [[raster interrupt]]s to repurpose sprites mid-frame.
{{clear}}
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;"
|+
! System !! Sprite hardware !! Introduced!! Sprites on screen !! Sprites per scan line !! Max. [[texel (graphics)|texels]] on line !! [[texture mapping|Texture]] width !! Texture height !! Colors !! Zoom !! [[Rotation]] !! [[Collision detection]] !! <small>[[Transparency (graphic)|Transparency]]</small> !! Source
|-
| [[Amstrad CPC|Amstrad Plus]] || [[ASIC]] || 1990 || 16 || 16  || ? || 16 || 16 || 15 || {{partial|2, 4× vertical, 2, 4× horizontal}} || {{no}} || {{no}} || [[Chroma key|Color key]] ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cpcwiki.eu/index.php/Plus |title=Plus - CPCWiki |publisher=Cpcwiki.eu |access-date=2009-11-29 |archive-date=2011-07-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720154941/http://cpcwiki.eu/index.php/Plus |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Atari 2600]] || [[Television Interface Adaptor|TIA]] || 1977 || 5 || 5 || 19  || 1, 8 || 262 || 1 || {{partial|2, 4, 8× horizontal}} ||{{partial|Horizontal mirroring}} ||{{yes}} || Color key ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atariarchives.org/dev/tia/description.php |title=Television Interface Adaptor |publisher=AtariArchives.com |access-date=2011-02-06 |archive-date=2010-08-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100825163151/http://www.atariarchives.org/dev/tia/description.php |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Atari 8-bit computers]] || [[CTIA and GTIA|GTIA]]/[[ANTIC]] || 1979 || 8 || 8 || 40 || 2, 8 || 128, 256 || 1 || {{partial|2× vertical, 2, 4× horizontal}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || Color key ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atarihq.com/5200/5200faq/04_02.html |title=Atari 5200 FAQ - Hardware Overview |publisher=AtariHQ.com |access-date=2011-02-06 |archive-date=2011-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514110844/http://www.atarihq.com/5200/5200faq/04_02.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Commodore 64]] || [[MOS Technology VIC-II|VIC-II]] || 1982 || 8 || 8 || 96, 192 || 12, 24 || 21 || 1, 3 || {{partial|2× integer}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || Color key ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.minet.uni-jena.de/~andreasg/c64/vic_artikel/vic_article_1.htm |title=The MOS 6567/6569 video controller (VIC-II) and its application in the Commodore 64 |access-date=2006-01-08 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060830024142/http://www.minet.uni-jena.de/~andreasg/c64/vic_artikel/vic_article_1.htm |archive-date=August 30, 2006 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Amiga Original Chip Set|Amiga (OCS)]] || [[Original Amiga chipset#Denise|Denise]] || 1985 ||  8, can be reused  horizontally per 4 pixel increments || Arbitrary, 8 unique || Arbitrary || 16 || Arbitrary || 3, 15 || {{partial|Vertical by display}} list || {{no}} || {{yes}} || Color key ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://amigadev.elowar.com/read/ADCD_2.1/Hardware_Manual_guide/node00AE.html |date=1989 |title=Amiga Hardware Reference Manual 4: sprite hardware |access-date=2017-05-23 |archive-date=2017-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814170220/http://amigadev.elowar.com/read/ADCD_2.1/Hardware_Manual_guide/node00AE.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Amiga Advanced Graphics Architecture|Amiga (AGA)]] || [[Lisa (computer chip)|Lisa]] || 1992 || 8, can be reused  horizontally per 2 pixel increments || Arbitrary, 8 unique || Arbitrary || 16, 32, 64 || Arbitrary || 3, 15 || {{partial|Vertical by display list}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || Color key ||
|-
| [[ColecoVision]] || [[TMS9918|TMS9918A]]||1983||32||4||64|| 8, 16||8, 16||1|| {{partial|2× integer}} ||{{no}}||{{partial}}|| Color key ||
|-
| [[TI-99/4A|TI-99/4 & 4A]] || [[TMS9918]]||1979||32||4||64|| 8, 16||8, 16||1|| {{partial|2× integer}} ||{{no}}||{{partial}}|| Color key ||
|-
| Gameduino || || 2011 || 256 || 96 || 1,536 || 16 || 16 || 255 || {{no}} || {{yes}} ||{{yes}} || Color key ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gameduino.com/ |title=Gameduino Specifications |publisher=excamera.com |access-date=2011-06-13 |archive-date=2021-12-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211213052910/https://excamera.com/sphinx/gameduino3/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Intellivision]] || STIC AY-3-8900 || 1979 || 8 || 8 || 64 || 8 || 8,16 || 1 || {{partial|2, 4, 8× vertical, 2× horizontal}} || {{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{yes}} || Color key || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://wiki.intellivision.us/index.php?title=STIC|title=STIC - Intellivision Wiki|website=wiki.intellivision.us|access-date=15 March 2018|archive-date=9 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180709215702/http://wiki.intellivision.us/index.php?title=STIC|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[MSX]] ||[[TMS9918|TMS9918A]]||1983||32||4||64|| 8, 16||8, 16||1|| {{partial|2× integer}} ||{{no}}||{{partial}}|| Color key ||<ref>{{cite book |url=http://emu-docs.org/VDP%20TMS9918/Datasheets/TMS9918.pdf |title=TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 9900: TMS9918A/TMS9928AITMS9929A Video Display Processors |access-date=2011-07-05 |archive-date=2017-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170814231446/https://emu-docs.org/VDP%20TMS9918/Datasheets/TMS9918.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
| [[MSX#MSX2|MSX2]] || [[Yamaha V9938]] || 1986 || 32 || 8 || 128 || 8, 16 || 8,16 || 1, 3, 7, 15 per line || {{partial|2× integer}} || {{no}} || {{partial}} || Color key ||
|-
| [[MSX#MSX2.2B|MSX2+]] / [[MSX#MSX_turboR|MSX turbo R]] || [[Yamaha V9958]] || 1988 || 32 || 8 || 128 || 8,16 || 8,16 || 1, 3, 7, 15 per line || {{partial|2× integer}} || {{no}} || {{partial}} || Color key ||
|-
| [[Namco Pac-Man]]<br />(arcade) || TTL || 1980 || 6 || 6 || 96 || 16 || 16 || 3 || {{no}} || {{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{no}} || Color key || <ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DqePfdz_x6gC&pg=PA68|title=Racing the Beam: The Atari Video Computer System|first1=Nick|last1=Montfort|first2=Ian|last2=Bogost|date=9 January 2009|publisher=MIT Press|isbn=9780262261524|via=Google Books}}</ref>
|-
| [[TurboGrafx-16]] || HuC6270A || 1987 || 64 || 16 || 256 || 16, 32 || 16, 32, 64 || 15 || {{no}} || {{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{yes}} || Color key || <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chibiakumas.com/6502/platform4.php#LessonP33|title=Learn Multi platform 6502 Assembly Programming... For Monsters! Platform Specific Series|access-date=2021-12-04|archive-date=2021-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204193150/https://www.chibiakumas.com/6502/platform4.php#LessonP33|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Namco Galaxian]]<br />(arcade) || TTL|| 1979 || 7 || 7 || 112 || 16 || 16 || 3 || {{no}} || {{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{no}} || Color key || <ref>{{cite web |title=Galaxian-derived video hardware |url=https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/video/galaxian.cpp |website=[[GitHub]] |publisher=[[MAME]] |access-date=October 23, 2018 |archive-date=November 30, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171130235821/https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/video/galaxian.cpp |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Galaxian-derived hardware |url=https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/galaxian.cpp |website=[[GitHub]] |publisher=[[MAME]] |access-date=October 23, 2018 |archive-date=September 5, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180905051639/https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/galaxian.cpp |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Galaxian hardware family |url=https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/includes/galaxian.h |website=[[GitHub]] |publisher=[[MAME]] |access-date=October 23, 2018 |archive-date=February 24, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210224150309/https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/includes/galaxian.h |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Nintendo]] [[Donkey Kong (arcade game)|Donkey Kong]], [[Radar Scope]]<br />(arcade) || || 1979 || 128 || 16 || 256 || 16 || 16 || 3 || {{partial|Integer}} || {{no}} || {{yes}} || Color key || <ref>Nathan Altice (2015), [https://books.google.com/books?id=GVDpCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA53 ''I Am Error: The Nintendo Family Computer / Entertainment System Platform'', pages 53 & 69] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161112194623/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=GVDpCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA53 |date=2016-11-12 }}, [[MIT Press]]</ref>
|-
| [[Nintendo DS#Technical specifications|Nintendo DS]] || Integrated PPU || 2004 || 128 || 128 || 1,210 || 8, 16, 32, 64 || 8, 16, 32, 64 || 65,536 || {{yes|[[Affine transformation|Affine]]}} || {{yes|[[Affine transformation|Affine]]}} || {{no}} || Color key, blending ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nocash.emubase.de/gbatek.htm#dstechnicaldata |title=Specifications |publisher=Nocash.emubase.de |access-date=2009-11-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090621131721/http://nocash.emubase.de/gbatek.htm#dstechnicaldata |archive-date=2009-06-21 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Nintendo Entertainment System technical specifications|NES/Famicom]] || [[Ricoh]] [[Picture Processing Unit|RP2C0x PPU]] || 1983 || 64 || 8 || 64 || 8 || 8, 16 || 3 || {{no}} || {{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{partial}} || Color key ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://nesdev.parodius.com/NESDoc.pdf |title=Microsoft Word - NESDoc.doc |access-date=2009-11-29 |archive-date=2011-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930163140/http://nesdev.parodius.com/NESDoc.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Game Boy]] || Integrated PPU || 1989 || 40 || 10 || 80 || 8 || 8, 16 || 3 || {{no}} || {{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{No}} || Color key ||<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.at-mix.de/gameboy.htm |title=GameBoy - Spielkonsolen Online Lexikon |publisher=At-mix.de |date=2004-06-22 |access-date=2009-11-29 |archive-date=2010-05-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100506132321/http://www.at-mix.de/gameboy.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Game Boy Advance]] || Integrated PPU || 2001 || 128 || 128 || 1210 || 8, 16, 32, 64 || 8, 16, 32, 64 || 15, 255|| {{yes|[[Affine transformation|Affine]]}} || {{yes|[[Affine transformation|Affine]]}} || {{no}} || Color key, blending ||<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nocash.emubase.de/gbatek.htm |title=Specifications |publisher=Nocash.emubase.de |access-date=2009-11-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090621131721/http://nocash.emubase.de/gbatek.htm |archive-date=2009-06-21 }}</ref>
|-
| [[Master System]],<br />[[Game Gear]] || YM2602B VDP<br />(TMS9918-derived) || 1985 || 64 || 8 || 128 || 8, 16 || 8, 16 || 15 || {{partial|2× integer, 2× vertical}} || {{partial|Background tile mirroring}} || {{yes}} || Color key || <ref>{{cite web|url=http://cgfm2.emuviews.com/txt/msvdp.txt |title=Sega Master System VDP documentation |author=Charles MacDonald |access-date=2011-07-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318183214/http://cgfm2.emuviews.com/txt/msvdp.txt |archive-date=2014-03-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.smspower.org/uploads/Development/richard.txt |format=TXT |title=Sega Master System Technical Information |website=Smspower.org |access-date=2016-11-28 |archive-date=2019-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624130810/http://www.smspower.org/uploads/Development/richard.txt |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Sega Genesis|Genesis / Mega Drive]] || YM7101 VDP<br />(SMS VDP-derived) || 1988 || 80 || 20 || 320 || 8, 16, 24, 32 || 8, 16, 24, 32 || 15 || {{no}} || {{Partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{Yes}} || Color key || <ref>{{cite web |url=http://fly.hiwaay.net/~jfrohwei/sega/genesis.html |title=Sega Programming FAQ October 18, 1995, Sixth Edition - Final |access-date=2015-12-10 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050122094914/http://fly.hiwaay.net/~jfrohwei/sega/genesis.html |archive-date=January 22, 2005 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Staff |first=Polygon |url=http://www.polygon.com/features/2015/2/3/7952705/sega-genesis-masami-ishikawa |title=How Sega built the Genesis |publisher=Polygon |date=2015-02-03 |access-date=2016-11-28 |archive-date=2015-11-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151103090922/http://www.polygon.com/features/2015/2/3/7952705/sega-genesis-masami-ishikawa |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Sega OutRun]] (arcade) || || 1986 || 128 || 128 || 1600 || 8 to 512 || 8 to 256 || 15 || {{yes|[[Anisotropic]]}} || {{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{yes}} || Alpha || <ref>{{cite web |url=http://system16.com/hardware.php?id=697 |title=Sega Out Run Hardware (Sega) |publisher=System 16 |date=2016-03-31 |access-date=2016-11-28 |archive-date=2016-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128203655/http://system16.com/hardware.php?id=697 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.c|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141121130850/https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mame/drivers/segaorun.c|url-status=dead|title=mame/segaorun.c at master · mamedev/mame · GitHub|date=21 November 2014|archive-date=21 November 2014|website=github.com|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://emustatus.rainemu.com/games/outrun.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010227042525/http://emustatus.rainemu.com/games/outrun.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2001-02-27  |title=Out Run |date=2001-02-27 |access-date=2016-11-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web 
 |url=http://www.system16.com/hardware.php?id=697 
 |title=Out Run Hardware (Sega) 
 |publisher=System 16 
 |access-date=2009-11-29 
 |archive-date=2016-11-28 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128203655/http://system16.com/hardware.php?id=697 
 |url-status=live 
 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.coinop.org/kb_dl.aspx/KB/faqs/faq-sega%20outrun.html |title=Version 0.3 - 7th February 1998 |website=Coinop.org |access-date=2016-11-28 |archive-date=2016-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160514060702/http://www.coinop.org/kb_dl.aspx/KB/faqs/faq-sega%20outrun.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://imame4all.googlecode.com/svn-history/r146/Reloaded/trunk/src/mame/video/segaic16.c 
 |title=Sega 16-bit common hardware
 |access-date=2016-02-09 
 |url-status=dead 
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160125144902/http://imame4all.googlecode.com/svn-history/r146/Reloaded/trunk/src/mame/video/segaic16.c 
 |archive-date=2016-01-25 
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://cgfm2.emuviews.com/txt/loftech.txt|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318183606/http://cgfm2.emuviews.com/txt/loftech.txt |url-status=dead |archive-date=2014-03-18  |format=TXT |title=Sega "X-Board" hardware notes |access-date=2016-11-28}}</ref>
|-
| [[X68000]] || Cynthia jr. (original), Cynthia (later models) || 1987 || 128 || 32 || 512 || 16 || 16 || 15 || {{partial|2× integer}} || {{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{partial}} || Color key || <ref>{{cite web |url=http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/personal/0038.html |title=X68000-Computer Museum |website=Museum.ipsj.or.jp |access-date=2016-11-28 |archive-date=2014-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141002234300/http://museum.ipsj.or.jp/en/computer/personal/0038.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mess/video/x68k.c|archive-url=https://archive.today/20141121130816/https://github.com/mamedev/mame/blob/master/src/mess/video/x68k.c|url-status=dead|title=mame/x68k.c at master · mamedev/mame · GitHub|date=21 November 2014|archive-date=21 November 2014|website=github.com|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Yoshida|first=Koichi|url=http://www2.tky.3web.ne.jp/~yosshin/my_works/postmortem.html|title=超連射68K 開発後記|website=Yosshin's web page|date=12 September 2001|access-date=2016-11-28|lang=ja|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190512090239/http://www2.tky.3web.ne.jp/~yosshin/my_works/postmortem.html|archive-date=12 May 2019|url-status=live}} ([http://shmuplations.com/chorensha68k/ Translation] by Shmuplations. {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190702153846/http://shmuplations.com/chorensha68k/|date=2019-07-02}}).</ref>
|-
| [[Neo Geo (console)#Display|Neo Geo]] || LSPC2-A2 || 1990 || 384 || 96 || 1536 || 16 || 16 to 512 || 15 || {{partial|Sprite shrinking}} || {{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{partial}} || Color key || <ref>{{cite web |url=http://furrtek.free.fr/noclass/neogeo/mvstech.txt |format=TXT |title=Neo-Geo MVS Hardware Notes |website=Furrtek.free.fr |access-date=2016-11-28 |archive-date=2018-09-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180916101030/http://furrtek.free.fr/noclass/neogeo/mvstech.txt |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://furrtek.free.fr/noclass/neogeo/NeoGeoPM.pdf |title=Neo-Geo Programming Manual |website=Furrtek.free.fr |access-date=2016-11-28 |archive-date=2016-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161206012848/http://furrtek.free.fr/noclass/neogeo/NeoGeoPM.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.neo-geo.com/wiki/index.php?title=Neo-Geo_Big_List_of_Debug_Dipswitches |title=Big List of Debug Dipswitches |publisher=Neo-Geo |date=2014-07-09 |access-date=2016-11-28 |archive-date=2016-11-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128134201/http://www.neo-geo.com/wiki/index.php?title=Neo-Geo_Big_List_of_Debug_Dipswitches |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System technical specifications|Super NES / Super Famicom]] || S-PPU1, S-PPU2 || 1990 || 128 || 34 || 256|| 8, 16, 32, 64 || 8, 16, 32, 64 || 15 ||{{No}} ||{{partial|Horizontal and vertical mirroring}} || {{No}} || Color key, averaging || <ref>{{cite web|title= snes sprite engine design guide|date=30 March 2021 |url=https://megacatstudios.com/blogs/retro-development/snes-sprite-engine-design-guidelines|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204193150/https://megacatstudios.com/blogs/retro-development/snes-sprite-engine-design-guidelines |archive-date=2021-12-04 }}</ref>
|- class="sortbottom"
! System !! Sprite hardware !! Introduced !! Sprites on screen !! Sprites on line !! Max. [[texel (graphics)|texels]] on line !! [[texture mapping|Texture]] width !! Texture height !! Colors !! Hardware zoom !! [[Rotation]] !! [[Collision detection]] !! <small>[[Transparency (graphic)|Transparency]]</small> !! Source
|}