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Steam explosion
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== Practical uses== ===Biomass refinement=== Steam explosive biorefinement is an industrial application to valorize biomass. It involves pressurizing biomass with steam at up to 3 MPa (30 atmospheres) and instantaneously releasing the pressure to produce the desired transformation in the biomass. An industrial application of the concept has been shown for a paper fiber project. <ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/chemistry/steam-explosion | title=Steam Explosion - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.biooekonomie-bw.de/fachbeitrag/aktuell/einem-kreislauf-oekopapier-energie-und-duenger-aus-silphie | title=In einem Kreislauf: Ökopapier, Energie und Dünger aus Silphie | date=25 November 2021 }}</ref> ===Steam turbines=== A water vapor explosion creates a high volume of gas without producing environmentally harmful leftovers. The controlled explosion of water has been used for generating steam in power stations and in modern types of [[steam turbine]]s. Newer steam engines use heated oil to force drops of water to explode and create high pressure in a controlled chamber. The pressure is then used to run a turbine or a converted combustion engine. Hot oil and water explosions are becoming particularly popular in concentrated solar generators, because the water can be separated from the oil in a closed loop without any external energy. Water explosion is considered to be [[environmentally friendly]] if the heat is generated by a renewable resource. ===Flash boiling in cooking=== A cooking technique called flash boiling uses a small amount of water to quicken the process of boiling. For example, this technique can be used to melt a slice of cheese onto a hamburger patty. The cheese slice is placed on top of the meat on a hot surface such as a frying pan, and a small quantity of cold water is thrown onto the surface near the patty. A vessel (such as a pot or frying-pan cover) is then used to quickly seal the steam-flash reaction, dispersing much of the steamed water on the cheese and patty. This results in a large release of heat, transferred via vaporized water condensing back into a liquid (a principle also used in [[refrigerator]] and [[freezer]] production). ===Other uses=== [[Internal combustion engines]] may use flash-boiling to aerosolize the fuel.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Mojtabi |first1=Mehdi |last2=Wigley |first2=Graham |last3=Helie |first3=Jerome |title=The Effect of Flash Boiling on the Atomization Performance of Gasoline Direct Injection Multistream Injectors |journal=Atomization and Sprays |date=2014 |volume=24 |issue=6 |pages=467–493 |doi=10.1615/AtomizSpr.2014008296}}</ref>
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