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Steven Soderbergh
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===2009–2016: mainstream success and brief hiatus=== Soderbergh's first film of 2009 was ''[[The Informant!]]'', a black comedy starring [[Matt Damon]] as corporate whistleblower [[Mark Whitacre]]. Whitacre wore a wire for {{frac|2|1|2}} years for the [[FBI]] as a high-level executive at a [[Fortune 500]] company, [[Archer Daniels Midland]] (ADM), in one of the largest [[price-fixing]] cases in history. The film was released on September 18, 2009. The script for the movie was written by [[Scott Z. Burns]] based on [[Kurt Eichenwald]]'s book, ''[[The Informant (book)|The Informant]]''. The film grossed $41 million on a $22 million budget and received generally favorable reviews from critics.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=informant.htm |title=The Informant! (2009) |website=Box Office Mojo |access-date=April 15, 2018 |archive-date=March 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104420/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl4166747649/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-informant-2009 |title=An exceedingly peculiar case of whistle-blowing |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |website=RogerEbert.com |access-date=April 15, 2018|archive-date=May 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160511121426/http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/the-informant-2009|url-status=live}}</ref> Also in 2009, Soderbergh shot a small improvised film with the cast of the play, ''The Last Time I Saw Michael Gregg'', a comedy about a theatre company staging Chekhov's ''[[Three Sisters (play)|Three Sisters]]''. He has stated that he does not want it seen by the public, and only intended it for the cast. Soderbergh nearly filmed a feature adaptation of the baseball book ''[[Moneyball: The Art of Winning an Unfair Game|Moneyball]]'', starring [[Brad Pitt]] and [[Jonah Hill]]. The book, by [[Michael Lewis (author)|Michael Lewis]], tells of how [[Billy Beane]], general manager of [[Oakland Athletics]], used [[Statistics|statistical analysis]] to make up for what he lacked in funds to beat the odds and lead his team to a series of notable wins in 2002. Disagreements between Sony and Soderbergh about revisions to [[Steven Zaillian]]'s version of the screenplay led to Soderbergh's dismissal from the project only days prior to filming in June 2009. In 2010, Soderbergh shot the action-thriller ''[[Haywire (2011 film)|Haywire]]'', starring [[Gina Carano]], [[Ewan McGregor]], [[Michael Fassbender]] and [[Channing Tatum]] which, though shot in early 2010, was not released until January 2012.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/richard-brody/haywire-and-its-haymakers|title="Haywire" and its Haymakers|last=Brody|first=Richard|date=January 1, 2012|magazine=The New Yorker|access-date=April 15, 2018 |issn=0028-792X|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104422/https://www.newyorker.com/culture/richard-brody/haywire-and-its-haymakers|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Liberace Cannes 2013.jpg|thumb|left|Soderbergh (second from left) with cast and crew of ''[[Behind the Candelabra]]'' at the 2013 [[Cannes Film Festival]]]] In 2010, Soderbergh shot the epic virus thriller ''[[Contagion (2011 film)|Contagion]]'', another film written by Burns.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/36738/script-details-leak-out-steven-soderberghs-contagion|title=Script Details Leak Out for Steven Soderbergh's Contagion|author=Barton|first=Steve|date=April 1, 2010|access-date=April 15, 2018|website=[[Dread Central]]|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104426/https://www.dreadcentral.com/news/36738/be-one-of-the-first-to-see-sinister-dread-central-to-co-host-a-screening/|url-status=live}}</ref> With a cast including Damon, [[Kate Winslet]], [[Gwyneth Paltrow]], [[Laurence Fishburne]], [[Marion Cotillard]] and [[Jude Law]], the film follows the outbreak of a lethal [[pandemic]] across the globe and the efforts of doctors and scientists to discover the cause and develop a cure. Soderbergh premiered it at the [[68th Venice Film Festival]] in Venice, Italy on September 3, 2011, and released it to the general public six days later to commercial success and widespread critical acclaim.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/contagion-2011|title=Contagion Movie Review & Film Summary (2011) |last=Ebert |first=Roger |website=www.rogerebert.com |access-date=April 15, 2018 |archive-date=March 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104425/https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/contagion-2011 |url-status=live}}</ref> Grossing $135.5 million on a $60 million budget, [[Manohla Dargis]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' called his film a "smart, spooky thriller about a thicket of contemporary plagues—a killer virus, rampaging fear, an unscrupulous blogger—is as ruthlessly effective as the malady at its cool, cool center."<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/09/movies/contagion-steven-soderberghs-plague-paranoia-review.html|title='Contagion,' Steven Soderbergh's Plague Paranoia – Review |last=Dargis |first=Manohla |author-link=Manohla Dargis |date=September 8, 2011 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=subscription |access-date=April 15, 2018 |archive-date=September 19, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110919034933/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/09/movies/contagion-steven-soderberghs-plague-paranoia-review.html |url-status=live}}</ref> In August 2011, Soderbergh served as a [[second unit director]] on ''[[The Hunger Games (film)|The Hunger Games]]'' and filmed much of the District 11 riot scene.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1681105/hunger-games-avox-cut.jhtml|title='Hunger Games' Director Gary Ross 'Sorry' About Cuts|work=MTV News|access-date=April 22, 2013|archive-date=December 4, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204110817/http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1681105/hunger-games-avox-cut.jhtml|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://collider.com/steven-soderbergh-hunger-games/107523/|title=Steven Soderbergh is Directing Second Unit on The Hunger Games|last=Chitwood|first=Adam|date=August 4, 2011|website=Collider|access-date=January 8, 2012|archive-date=August 16, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110816141328/http://collider.com/steven-soderbergh-hunger-games/107523/|url-status=live}}</ref> In September and October 2011, he shot ''[[Magic Mike]]'', a film starring Tatum, about the actor's experiences working as a male stripper in his youth. Tatum played the title mentor character, while [[Alex Pettyfer]] played a character based on Tatum. The film was released on June 29, 2012, to a strong commercial performance and favorable critical acclaim.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/29/movies/magic-mike-by-steven-soderbergh-with-channing-tatum.html |title=Review: 'Magic Mike,' by Steven Soderbergh, With Channing Tatum |last=Dargis |first=Manohla |author-link=Manohla Dargis |date=June 28, 2012 |work=[[The New York Times]] |url-access=subscription |access-date=April 14, 2018 |archive-date=March 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104425/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/29/movies/magic-mike-by-steven-soderbergh-with-channing-tatum.html |url-status=live}}</ref> Throughout 2012, Soderbergh had announced his intention to retire from feature filmmaking. He stated that "when you reach the point where you're saying, 'If I have to get into a van to do another scout, I'm just going to shoot myself,' it's time to let somebody who's still excited about getting in the van, get in the van."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nffty.org/photos/is-steven-soderbergh-retiring-or-not|title=Is Steven Soderbergh Retiring Or Not?|last=Syn|first=Theresa|date=October 3, 2012|website=[[National Film Festival for Talented Youth]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224111601/http://www.nffty.org/photos/is-steven-soderbergh-retiring-or-not|archive-date=December 24, 2013|url-status=dead|access-date=April 20, 2014}}</ref> Soderbergh later said that he would retire from filmmaking and begin to explore painting.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/artinfo/steven-soderbergh-confirm_b_940528.html|title=Steven Soderbergh Confirms Plans to Leave Hollywood and Become a Painter|date=August 29, 2011|work=Huffington Post|access-date=August 29, 2011|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104428/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/steven-soderbergh-confirm_b_940528|url-status=live}}</ref> A few weeks later, Soderbergh played down his earlier comments, saying a filmmaking "[[sabbatical]]" was more accurate.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/09/05/steven-soderbergh-not-retiring-sabbatical_n_949124.html|title=Steven Soderbergh Now Denies Retiring|last=Zakarin|first=Jordan|date=September 5, 2011|access-date=November 26, 2011|website=Huffington Post|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104429/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/steven-soderbergh-not-retiring-sabbatical_n_949124|url-status=live}}</ref> For his then-final feature film, he directed the psychological thriller ''[[Side Effects (2013 film)|Side Effects]]'', which starred Law, [[Rooney Mara]], Tatum and [[Catherine Zeta-Jones]]. It was shot in April 2012 and was released on February 8, 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/exclusive-blake-lively-jude-law-channing-tatum-will-lead-steven-soderberghs-the-side-effects|title=Exclusive: Rooney Mara, Jude Law & Channing Tatum Will Lead Steven Soderbergh's 'The Side Effects'|last=Lyttelton|first=Oliver|date=January 9, 2012|work=[[indieWire]]|access-date=January 19, 2012|archive-date=November 7, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151107055754/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/exclusive-blake-lively-jude-law-channing-tatum-will-lead-steven-soderberghs-the-side-effects|url-status=dead}}</ref> Screened at the [[63rd Berlin International Film Festival]], [[A. O. Scott]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' stated that Soderbergh "[handled] it brilliantly, serving notice once again that he is a crackerjack genre technician."<ref name="Berlin2">{{cite web|url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/presse/pressemitteilungen/alle/Alle-Detail_16404.html|title=Berlinale Competition 2013: Another Nine Films Confirmed|work=berlinale|access-date=January 11, 2013|archive-date=April 10, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130410152613/http://www.berlinale.de/en/presse/pressemitteilungen/alle/Alle-Detail_16404.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In the end, while promoting ''Side Effects'' in early 2013, he clarified that he had a five-year plan that saw him transitioning away from making feature films around his fiftieth birthday.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424127887323375204578270080612623840 |title=Steven Soderbergh: Restless Behind the Camera |last=Steinberg |first=Don |date=January 31, 2013 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url-access=subscription |access-date=April 21, 2014 |archive-date=March 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104429/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323375204578270080612623840 |url-status=live}}</ref> Around that time, he gave a much publicized speech at the [[San Francisco International Film Festival]], detailing the obstacles facing filmmakers in the current corporate Hollywood environment.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2013/04/steven-soderbergh-state-of-cinema-address-486368/|title=Steven Soderbergh's State of Cinema Talk|date=April 30, 2013|website=[[Deadline Hollywood]]|access-date=April 21, 2014|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104433/https://deadline.com/2013/04/steven-soderbergh-state-of-cinema-address-486368/|url-status=live}}</ref> Soderbergh had planned to commence production in early 2012 on a feature version of ''[[The Man from U.N.C.L.E.]]'', also written by Burns. [[George Clooney]] was set for the lead role of [[Napoleon Solo]] but had to drop out due to a recurring back injury suffered while filming ''[[Syriana]]''.<ref>[http://www.digitalspy.com/movies/news/a339178/george-clooney-back-injury-forced-man-from-uncle-exit-says-writer.html George Clooney back injury forced 'Man From U.N.C.L.E.' exit, says writer – Movies News] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104441/https://www.digitalspy.com/movies/a339178/george-clooney-back-injury-forced-man-from-uncle-exit-says-writer/ |date=March 20, 2021}}. Digital Spy (September 7, 2011). Retrieved on January 22, 2012.</ref> In November 2011 Soderbergh withdrew from the project due to budget and casting conflicts,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/exclusive-steven-soderbergh-opts-out-of-directing-warners-the-man-from-u-n-c-l-e|title=Exclusive: Steven Soderbergh Spies Other Plans, Won't Direct 'The Man From U.N.C.L.E.'|date=November 18, 2011|access-date=August 5, 2013|archive-date=February 12, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150212185321/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/exclusive-steven-soderbergh-opts-out-of-directing-warners-the-man-from-u-n-c-l-e|url-status=dead}}</ref> and was eventually replaced by [[Guy Ritchie]]. His final televised project before heading into retirement was ''[[Behind the Candelabra]]''. Shot in the summer of 2012, it starred [[Michael Douglas]] as legendarily flamboyant pianist [[Liberace]] and Damon as his lover [[Scott Thorson]]. The film is written by [[Richard LaGravenese]], based on Thorson's book ''[[Behind the Candelabra: My Life with Liberace]]'', and produced by [[HBO Films]].<ref>[http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/archives/hbo_films_backs_steven_soderberghs_liberace_pic_behind_the_candelabra_set_f/ HBO Films Backs Steven Soderbergh's Liberace Pic 'Behind The Candelabra'; Set For Summer 2012 Shoot | The Playlist] {{webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20120707143801/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/archives/hbo_films_backs_steven_soderberghs_liberace_pic_behind_the_candelabra_set_f/|date=July 7, 2012}}. Blogs.indiewire.com. Retrieved on January 22, 2012.</ref> It was selected to compete for the [[Palme d'Or]] at the [[2013 Cannes Film Festival]].<ref name="Cannes20132">{{cite web|url=http://www.festival-cannes.fr/en/article/59652.html|title=2013 Official Selection|date=April 18, 2013|work=Cannes|access-date=April 18, 2013|archive-date=February 11, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170211120304/http://www.festival-cannes.fr/en/article/59652.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In May 2013—only months into his retirement—Soderbergh announced that he would direct a ten-part miniseries for [[Cinemax]] called ''[[The Knick]]''. The series followed doctors at a fictionalized version of the [[Knickerbocker Hospital]] in Manhattan in the early twentieth century. The series starred [[Clive Owen]], [[Andre Holland]], [[Jeremy Bobb]], [[Juliet Rylance]], [[Eve Hewson]] and [[Michael Angarano]] and was filmed in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/soderbergh-old-school-nyc-knick-time-article-1.1511114|title=Steven Soderbergh takes NYC back a century or so for Cinemax series 'The Knick'|last=Bailey|first=Maria|date=November 9, 2013|work=Daily News|access-date=April 21, 2014|location=New York|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104443/https://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-movies/soderbergh-old-school-nyc-knick-time-article-1.1511114|url-status=live}}</ref> It began airing in August 2014 to critical acclaim.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/watch-first-footage-from-steven-soderberghs-the-knick-more-2014-tv-highlights-20131217|title=Watch: First Footage From Steven Soderbergh's 'The Knick' & More 2014 TV Highlights|last=Brock|first=Ben|date=December 17, 2013|website=Indiewire Blogs|access-date=April 21, 2014|archive-date=February 8, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140208112728/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/watch-first-footage-from-steven-soderberghs-the-knick-more-2014-tv-highlights-20131217|url-status=live}}</ref> After completing the second season, Soderbergh revealed he was finished directing for the show, and said: "I told them [Cinemax] that I'm going to do the first two years and then we are going to break out the story for seasons 3 and 4 and try and find a filmmaker or filmmakers to do this the way that I did. This is how we want to do this so that every two years, whoever comes on, has the freedom to create their universe."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/steven-soderbergh-says-more-the-knick-is-coming-reveals-rough-plan-for-season-3-beyond-20151221|title=Steven Soderbergh Says More 'The Knick' Is Coming, Reveals Rough Plan For Season 3 & Beyond|last=Perez|first=Rodrigo|date=December 21, 2015|work=Indiewire|access-date=December 21, 2015|archive-date=December 22, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222184423/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/steven-soderbergh-says-more-the-knick-is-coming-reveals-rough-plan-for-season-3-beyond-20151221|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Steven Soderbergh Deauville 2013.jpg|thumb|246x246px|Soderbergh at the [[Deauville American Film Festival]] in 2014]] After his work with ''The Knick'', Soderbergh began working on a variety of personal projects starting with directing an [[Off-Broadway]] play titled ''[[The Library (play)|The Library]]'', starring [[Chloë Grace Moretz]] in January 2014.<ref name="Brantley">{{cite news |date=April 16, 2014 |last=Brantley |first=Ben |author-link=Ben Brantley |title=Cruel Truths Always Survive a Shooting |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/16/theater/steven-soderbergh-directs-the-library-at-the-public.html |work=[[The New York Times]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416195700/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/16/theater/steven-soderbergh-directs-the-library-at-the-public.html |archive-date=April 16, 2014 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=May 30, 2022}}</ref> On February 24, 2014, Soderbergh released a mash-up of Alfred Hitchcock's [[Psycho (1960 film)|''Psycho'' (1960)]] and Gus Van Sant's [[Psycho (1998 film)|1998]] shot-by-shot remake on his website, titled ''Psychos''.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Soderbegh |first1=Steven |title=Psychos |url=https://extension765.com/blogs/soderblog/psychos |website=extension765.com |access-date=March 11, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Grinwald |first1=Adam |title=Steven Soderbergh Gave Us His Own Take On 'Psycho' Without Any New Footage |url=https://collider.com/psychos-steven-soderbergh/ |website=Collider |access-date=March 11, 2024 |date=August 22, 2023}}</ref> On April 21, 2014, Soderbergh released an alternate cut of [[Michael Cimino]]'s controversial 1980 Western ''[[Heaven's Gate (film)|Heaven's Gate]]'' on his website. Credited to his pseudonym Mary Ann Bernard and dubbed "The Butcher's Cut", Soderbergh's version runs 108 minutes.<ref>{{Cite web |title=HEAVEN'S GATE: THE BUTCHER'S CUT |url=https://extension765.com/blogs/soderblog/heavens-gate-the-butchers-cut |access-date=January 28, 2024 |website=extension765.com}}</ref><ref name=":23">{{cite news|url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/criticwire/steven-soderbergh-cuts-heavens-gate-down-to-size|title=Steven Soderbergh Cuts "Heaven's Gate" Down to Size|last=Adams|first=Sam|date=April 22, 2014|work=[[Indiewire]]|access-date=April 27, 2014|archive-date=April 27, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140427014444/http://blogs.indiewire.com/criticwire/steven-soderbergh-cuts-heavens-gate-down-to-size|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aintitcool.com/node/67024 |title=Steven Soderbergh Takes A Cleaver To Michael Cimino With HEAVEN'S GATE: THE BUTCHER'S CUT! |date=April 21, 2014 |publisher=[[Ain't It Cool News]] |access-date=April 27, 2022}}</ref> On September 22, 2014, he uploaded a black-and-white silent version of ''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]'', with [[Trent Reznor]] and [[Atticus Ross]]'s score of ''[[The Social Network]]''. The purpose of it is to study the aspects of [[Staging (theatre)|staging]] in filmmaking.<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Extension 765, Raiders|url=https://extension765.com/blogs/soderblog/raiders|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104436/https://extension765.com/blogs/soderblog/raiders|archive-date=March 20, 2021|access-date=|website=Extension 765}}</ref> It was announced in June 2014 that Soderbergh would be executive producing a series based on his earlier film ''[[The Girlfriend Experience]]'' for the [[Starz]] network, to premiere sometime in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/2014/06/starz-girlfriend-experience-anthology-series-steven-soderbergh-movie-794433/|title=Starz Orders Steven Soderbergh Anthology Series 'The Girlfriend Experience' Based on His Movie|last1=Andreeva|first1=Nellie|website=Deadline Hollywood|date=June 23, 2014|access-date=January 9, 2016|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104442/https://deadline.com/2014/06/starz-girlfriend-experience-anthology-series-steven-soderbergh-movie-794433/|url-status=live}}</ref> In September 2015, Soderbergh was announced to be directing ''[[Mosaic (murder mystery)|Mosaic]]'', a series for HBO. Starring [[Sharon Stone]], it was a dual-media project; it was released as both an [[interactive movie]] app in November 2017 and as a six-part miniseries airing in January 2018.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Steven Soderbergh Sets Up Mystery Project 'Mosaic' at HBO, Sharon Stone Set to Star |last=Wagmeister |first=Elizabeth |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=September 24, 2015 |url=https://variety.com/2015/tv/news/steven-soderbergh-mosaic-hbo-series-1201601807/ |access-date=January 9, 2016 |archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104440/https://variety.com/2015/tv/news/steven-soderbergh-mosaic-hbo-series-1201601807/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.looper.com/89713/steven-soderbergh-hbo-mosaic-trailer/|title=Steven Soderbergh's interactive storytelling project Mosaic gets a trailer|last1=Bianco|first1=Julia|website=Looper|access-date=October 9, 2016|archive-date=March 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320104434/https://www.looper.com/89713/steven-soderbergh-hbo-mosaic-trailer/|url-status=live}}</ref>
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