Editing Stop codon (section)

=== Genomic distribution ===
Distribution of stop codons within the genome of an organism is non-random and can correlate with [[GC-content]].<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Stop codons in bacteria are not selectively equivalent|doi=10.1186/1745-6150-7-30|journal=Biology Direct|pmid=22974057|pmc=3549826|year=2012|volume=7|pages=30|vauthors=Povolotskaya IS, Kondrashov FA, Ledda A, Vlasov PK |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name="Comprehensive Analysis of Stop Codo">{{cite journal |pages=775–806 |doi=10.1074/jbc.M114.606632 |title=Comprehensive Analysis of Stop Codon Usage in Bacteria and Its Correlation with Release Factor Abundance|year=2014 |last1=Korkmaz|first1=Gürkan |last2=Holm |first2=Mikael |last3=Wiens|first3=Tobias |last4=Sanyal|first4=Suparna |journal=The Journal of Biological Chemistry |volume=289 |issue=44 |pmid=25217634 |pmc=4215218|doi-access=free }}</ref> For example, the ''E. coli'' K-12 genome contains 2705 TAA (63%), 1257 TGA (29%), and 326 TAG (8%) stop codons (GC content 50.8%).<ref>{{cite web |title=''Escherichia coli'' str. K-12 substr. MG1655, complete genome [Genbank Accession Number: U00096] |publisher=NCBI |work=GenBank |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/U00096 |access-date=2013-01-27}}</ref> Also the substrates for the stop codons release factor 1 or release factor 2 are strongly correlated to the abundance of stop codons.<ref name="Comprehensive Analysis of Stop Codo"/> Large scale study of bacteria with a broad range of GC-contents shows that while the frequency of occurrence of TAA is negatively correlated to the GC-content and the frequency of occurrence of TGA is positively correlated to the GC-content, the frequency of occurrence of the TAG stop codon, which is often the minimally used stop codon in a genome, is not influenced by the GC-content.<ref>{{cite journal |pages=6718–25 |doi=10.1128/JB.00682-08 |title= Role of Premature Stop Codons in Bacterial Evolution |year=2008 |last1=Wong|first1=Tit-Yee |last2= Fernandes |first2=Sanjit |last3=Sankhon|first3=Naby |last4=Leong|first4=Patrick P | last5=Kuo|first5=Jimmy |last6=Liu|first6=Jong-Kang |journal=Journal of Bacteriology |volume=190 |issue=20 |pmid=18708500 |pmc=2566208}}</ref>