Editing Syringa (section)

==Cultivation and uses==
[[File:lilac.head.600pix.jpg|thumb|A white, double-flowered cultivar]]
[[File:Lilac buds.jpg|thumb|Dormant lilac buds]]
[[File:Lilac wood lengthwise section.png|thumb|Lilac wood]]
Lilacs are popular shrubs in [[park]]s and [[garden]]s throughout the temperate zone, and several [[Hybrid (biology)|hybrid]]s and numerous [[cultivar]]s have been developed. The term '''French lilac''' is often used to refer to modern [[double-flowered]] cultivars, thanks to the work of prolific breeder [[Victor Lemoine]]. Lilacs grow most successfully in well-drained soils, particularly those based on chalk.<ref>Hillier Nurseries, ''The Hillier Manual of Trees and Shrubs'', David and Charles, 1998, p. 659 {{ISBN|0-7153-0808-4}}</ref> They flower on old wood, and produce more flowers if unpruned. If pruned, the plant responds by producing fast-growing young vegetative growth with no flowers, in an attempt to restore the removed branches. Lilac bushes can be prone to powdery mildew disease.

Lilac wood is not commonly used or commercially harvested due to the small size of the tree.<ref name="TWD">{{cite web |last1=Meier |first1=Eric |title=Lilac |url=https://www.wood-database.com/lilac/ |website=The Wood Database |access-date=10 June 2023}}</ref> It is a relatively hard wood, with an estimated [[Janka hardness]] of 2,350 lbf (10,440 N), and is reportedly good for [[woodturning]].<ref name="TWD" /> 
The sapwood is typically cream-coloured and the heartwood can have various streaks of brown and purple.<ref name="TWD" />

Species have been historically used in various traditional medicines in Asia for treating ailments including cough, diarrhea, acute [[icteric]] [[hepatitis]], vomiting, abdominal pain, and bronchitis.<ref name="Zhu2020">{{cite journal |last1=Zhu |first1=Wenbo |title=Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of genus ''Syringa'': A comprehensive review |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |date=October 10, 2020 |volume=266 |page=113465 |doi=10.1016/j.jep.2020.113465 |pmid=33049343 |s2cid=222352460 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874120333511|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Compounds isolated from species of ''Syringa'' include [[phenylpropanoid]]s such as [[syringin]] and [[iridoid]]s such as [[oleuropein]].<ref name="Zhu2020" /> Substituent compounds, such as iridoids, as well as crude extracts from ''Syringa'' plants have been shown to have to have effects including [[antitumor]], [[antihypertensive]], anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifungal activities in pharmacological studies.<ref name="Su2015">{{cite journal |last1=Su |first1=Guozhu |title=Phytochemical and pharmacological progress on the genus ''Syringa'' |journal=Chemistry Central Journal |date=27 January 2015 |volume=9 |issue=2 |page=2 |doi=10.1186/s13065-015-0079-2 |pmid=25642281 |pmc=4312558 |doi-access=free }}</ref>