Editing Work design (section)

==== Job demands-resources model ====
[[File:Danish police arrest.jpg|thumb|[[Police|Policing]] is widely recognised as a stressful, emotionally trying, and dangerous occupation. This may be because the job demands of police officers (e.g., [[role conflict]], role ambiguity, role overload) outweigh the job resources available (e.g., input into decision making, organizational support).<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Frank|first1=James|last2=Lambert|first2=Eric G.|last3=Qureshi|first3=Hanif|date=2017-08-31|title=Examining Police Officer Work Stress Using the Job Demands–Resources Model|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043986217724248|journal=Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice|volume=33|issue=4|pages=348–367|doi=10.1177/1043986217724248|s2cid=148794902|issn=1043-9862}}</ref>]]
The ''[[job demands-resources model]]'' was introduced as a theoretical extension to the job demands-control model, and recognizes that other features of work in addition to control and support might serve as resources to counter job demands.<ref name=":3" /> The authors of the job demands-resources model argued that previous models of employee well-being "have been restricted to a given and limited set of predictor variables that may not be relevant for all job positions" (p.&nbsp;309).<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Bakker|first1=Arnold B.|last2=Demerouti|first2=Evangelia|date=2007-04-03|title=The Job Demands-Resources model: state of the art|url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/02683940710733115/full/html|journal=Journal of Managerial Psychology|language=en|volume=22|issue=3|pages=309–328|doi=10.1108/02683940710733115|s2cid=1221398 |issn=0268-3946}}</ref> Examples of the resources identified in this model include career opportunities, participation in decision making, and social support.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Demerouti|first1=Evangelia|last2=Bakker|first2=Arnold B.|date=2011-05-23|title=The Job Demands–Resources model: Challenges for future research|journal=SA Journal of Industrial Psychology|volume=37|issue=2|doi=10.4102/sajip.v37i2.974|issn=2071-0763|doi-access=free}}</ref>