Editing Timeline of historic inventions (section)

=== 1950s ===
* '''1950:''' ''[[Bertie the Brain]]'', debatably the first [[video game]], is displayed to the public at the [[Canadian National Exhibition]].
* '''1950:''' The Toroidal chamber with axial magnetic fields (the [[Tokamak]]) is developed by [[Igor E. Tamm]] and [[Andrei D. Sakharov]].<ref>R.G. Sharma (26 February 2015) [https://books.google.com/books?id=jbvdBgAAQBAJ&q=Tokamak+T-1+1958 Superconductivity: Basics and Applications to Magnets], [https://books.google.com/books?id=jbvdBgAAQBAJ&dq=Tokamak+T-1+1958&pg=PA316 p.311] [[Springer Science+Business Media]], {{ISBN|3319137131}}, {{ISBN|9783319137131}}, illustrated, Retrieved 27 June 2019</ref>
* '''1952:''' The [[Float glass|float glass process]] is developed by [[Alastair Pilkington]].<ref>{{cite web|title=The Float Process|url=http://www.pilkington.com/pilkington-information/about+pilkington/education/float+process/default.htm|website=pilkington.com|publisher=Plinkington|access-date=23 February 2017|archive-date=24 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924073324/http://www.pilkington.com/pilkington-information/about+pilkington/education/float+process/default.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* '''1952:''' The first [[thermonuclear weapon]] is developed.
* '''1953:''' The first [[video tape recorder]], a helical scan recorder, is invented by Norikazu Sawazaki.
* '''1954:''' Invention of the solar battery by Bell Telephone scientists, [[Calvin Souther Fuller]], Daryl Chapin and Gerald Pearson capturing the Sun's power. First practical means of collecting energy from the Sun and turning it into a current of electricity.
* '''1955:''' The [[hovercraft]] is patented by [[Christopher Cockerell]].
* '''1955:''' The [[intermodal container]] is developed by [[Malcom McLean]].
* '''1956:''' The [[hard disk drive]] is invented by [[IBM]].<ref>{{cite web|title=IBM 350 disk storage unit|url=https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/storage/storage_350.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120630034047/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/storage/storage_350.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=30 June 2012|website=IBM|date=23 January 2003|access-date=25 February 2017}}</ref>
* '''1956:''' The [[Logic Theorist]] computer program, the first "artificial intelligence program", was written and invented by [[Allen Newell]], [[Herbert A. Simon]], and [[Cliff Shaw]].<ref name="mccCrevRussNorv">
{{Harvnb|McCorduck|2004|pp=123–125}}, {{Harvnb|Crevier|1993|pp=44–46}} and {{Harvnb|Russell|Norvig|2021|p=17}}</ref>
* '''1957:''' The [[laser]] and [[optical amplifier]] are invented and named by [[Gordon Gould]] and [[Charles H. Townes|Charles Townes]]. The laser and optical amplifier are foundational to powering the [[Internet]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Kumar|first=Aran|title=2014 International Conference on Issues and Challenges in Intelligent Computing Techniques (ICICT) |chapter=Optical amplifier: A key element of high speed optical network |date=2014|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6781324|publisher=IEEE|pages=450–452|doi=10.1109/ICICICT.2014.6781324|isbn=978-1-4799-2900-9|s2cid=32667559}}</ref>
* '''1957:''' The first [[personal computer]] used by one person and controlled by a keyboard, the [[History of personal computers#The beginnings of the personal computer industry|IBM 610]], is invented by [[IBM]].
* '''1957:''' The first artificial [[satellite]], [[Sputnik 1]], is launched.
* '''1958 – 1959:''' The [[integrated circuit]] is [[Invention of the integrated circuit|independently invented]] by [[Jack Kilby]] and [[Robert Noyce]].
* '''1959:''' The [[MOSFET]] (MOS transistor) is invented by the Egyptian [[Mohamed Atalla]] and the Korean [[Dawon Kahng]] at Bell Labs. It is used in almost all modern [[electronic product]]s. It was smaller, faster, more reliable and cheaper to manufacture than earlier bipolar transistors, leading to a revolution in computers, controls and communication.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.computerhistory.org/siliconengine/metal-oxide-semiconductor-mos-transistor-demonstrated/ |title = 1960: Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Transistor Demonstrated &#124; the Silicon Engine &#124; Computer History Museum}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/who-invented-the-transistor/ | title=Who Invented the Transistor?| date=4 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/13-sextillion-counting-the-long-winding-road-to-the-most-frequently-manufactured-human-artifact-in-history/ |title = 13 Sextillion & Counting: The Long & Winding Road to the Most Frequently Manufactured Human Artifact in History|date = 2 April 2018}}</ref>