Editing Absolute pitch (section)

===Perception===
Absolute pitch is the ability to perceive [[pitch class]] and to mentally categorize sounds according to perceived pitch class.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Rakowski, A. |title= Categorical perception in absolute pitch |journal=Archives of Acoustics Quarterly |volume=18 |year=1993 |pages=515–523}}</ref> A [[pitch class]] is the set of all pitches that are a whole number of octaves apart. While the boundaries of musical pitch categories vary among human cultures, the recognition of octave relationships is a natural characteristic of the mammalian auditory system.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Morest, D.K. |title=The laminar structure of the medial geniculate body of the cat |journal=Journal of Anatomy|volume=99 |year=1965 |issue=Pt 1 |pages=143–160 |pmid=14245341 |pmc=1261468}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Cetas, J.S. |author2=Price, R.O. |author3=Crowe, J.J. |author4=Velenovsky, D.S. |author5=McMullen, N.T. |title=Dendritic orientation and laminar architecture in the rabbit auditory thalamus |journal=The Journal of Comparative Neurology|volume=458 |year=2003 |pages=307–317 |doi=10.1002/cne.10595 |pmid=12619083 |issue=3|s2cid=11430632 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Imig, T.J. |author2=Morel, A. |title=Tonotopic organization in ventral nucleus of medial geniculate body in the cat |journal=Journal of Neurophysiology|volume=53 |year=1985 |pages=309–340 |pmid=3973661 |issue=1|doi=10.1152/jn.1985.53.1.309 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Cetas, J.S. |author2=Velenovsky, D.S. |author3=Price, R.O. |author4=Sinex, D.G. |author5=McMullen, N.T. |title=Frequency organization and cellular lamination in the medial geniculate body of the rabbit |journal=Hearing Research|volume=155 |year=2001 |pages=113–123 |doi=10.1016/S0378-5955(01)00257-X |pmid=11335081 |issue=1–2|s2cid=1027272 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Wright, A.A. |author2=Rivera, J.J. |author3=Hulse, S.H. |author4=Shyan, M. |author5=Neiworth, J.J. |title=Music perception and octave generalization in rhesus monkeys |journal=Journal of Experimental Psychology: General|volume=129 |year=2000 |pages=291–307 |doi= 10.1037/0096-3445.129.3.291 |pmid=11006902 |issue=3|url=http://www.brainmusic.org/MBB91%20Webpage/Evolution_Wright.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/http://www.brainmusic.org/MBB91%20Webpage/Evolution_Wright.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author1=Braun, M. |author2=Chaloupka, V. |title=Carbamazepine induced pitch shift and octave space representation |journal=Hearing Research|volume=210 |year=2005 |pages=85–92 |doi=10.1016/j.heares.2005.05.015 |pmid=16181754 |issue=1–2|s2cid=32333789 }}</ref> Accordingly, absolute pitch is not the ability to estimate a pitch value from the dimension of pitch-evoking frequency (30–5000&nbsp;Hz),<ref name="Ref-1"/> but to identify a pitch class category within the dimension of pitch class (e.g., C-C{{music|sharp}}-D&nbsp;... B-C).

An absolute listener's sense of hearing is typically no keener than that of a non-absolute ("normal") listener.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Fujisaki, W. |author2=Kashino, M. |title=The basic hearing abilities of absolute pitch possessors |journal=Acoustical Science and Technology|volume=23 |year=2002 |pages=77–83 |doi=10.1250/ast.23.77 |issue=2 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Absolute pitch does not depend upon a refined ability to perceive and discriminate gradations of sound frequencies,<ref>{{cite journal |author=Oakes, W. F. |title=An experimental study of pitch naming and pitch discrimination reactions |journal=The Journal of Genetic Psychology|volume=86 |year=1955 |pages=237–259 |pmid=13263528 |issue=2 |doi=10.1080/00221325.1955.10532197}}</ref> but upon detecting and categorizing a subjective perceptual quality typically referred to as "chroma".<ref>{{cite journal |author=Bachem, A. |title=Various types of absolute pitch |journal=The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America|volume=9 |issue=2 |year=1937 |pages=146–151 |doi= 10.1121/1.1915919 |bibcode = 1937ASAJ....9..146B}}</ref>{{clarify|reason=The introduction of a subjective "sound color" element here is potentially very confusing. It is a matter of pitch isn't it?|date=October 2016}} The two tasks— of identification (recognizing and naming a pitch) and discrimination (detecting changes or differences in rate of vibration)— are accomplished with different brain mechanisms.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Tervaniemi, M. |author2=Alho, K. |author3=Paavilainen, P. |author4=Sams, M. |author5=Näätänen, R. |name-list-style=amp |title=Absolute pitch and event-related brain potentials |journal=Music Perception |volume=10 |issue=3 |year=1993 |pages=305–316 |doi=10.2307/40285572|jstor=40285572 }}</ref>