Editing Agriculture in ancient Rome (section)

===Grapes===
Viticulture was probably brought to southern Italy and Sicily by Greek colonists, but the [[Phoenicia]]ns of [[Carthage]] in northern [[Africa]] gave the Romans much of their knowledge of growing grapes and making wine. By 160 BC, the cultivation of grapes on large estates using slave labor was common in Italy and wine was becoming a universal drink in the Roman empire.  To protect their wine industry, the Romans attempted to prohibit the cultivation of grapes outside Italy,<ref>"Wine and Rome", [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/wine/wine.html], accessed 15 Nov 2018</ref> but by the 1st century AD, provinces such as [[Spain]] and [[Gaul]] (modern-day France) were exporting wine to Italy.<ref>Casson, Lionel (1991), ''The Ancient Mariners,'' Princeton: Princeton University Press, pl 200.</ref>