Editing Avar language (section)

==Writing systems==
{{Split section|Avar alphabets|date=June 2024}}
There were some attempts to write the Avar language in the [[Georgian alphabet]] as early as the 14th century.<ref>Simon Crisp, "Language Planning and the Orthography of Avar", ''Folia Slavica'' 7, 1–2 (1984): 91–104.</ref><ref name=Crisp>Simon Crisp, "The Formation and Development of Literary Avar", pp. 143–62, in Isabelle T. Kreindler, ed., ''Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Soviet National Languages: Their Past, Present and Future'', Contributions to the Sociology of Language, 40 (Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 1985).</ref> The use of the [[Persian alphabet|Perso-Arabic script]] for representing Avar in marginal glosses began in the 15th century. The use of Arabic, which is known as ''[[Ajami script|ajam]]'', is still known today.<ref name=Crisp/>

[[Peter von Uslar]] developed a Cyrillic-based alphabet, published in 1889, that also used some Georgian-based letters. Many of its letters have not been encoded in Unicode. The alphabet takes the following form:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Услар |first=Баронъ П. К. |url=https://www.runivers.ru/upload/iblock/7e8/Uslar%20P.%20K.%20Etnografiya%20Kavkaza%2003%201889.pdf |title=Аварскій языкъ. |date=1889 |location=Тифлисъ}}</ref> '''а б в г ӷ д е ж һ [[File:Cyrillic small letter Shha with high right breve serif.svg|11x11px]] [[File:Cyrillic small letter Shha with Cil top.svg|11x11px]] і ј к қ [[File:Cyrillic small letter Ka with loop.svg|13x13px]] л м н о п ԛ [[File:Cyrillic small letter Shha with hook.svg|15x15px]] р с ҫ т ҭ у х х̓ хّ ц [[File:Cyrillic small letter Tse with long left leg.svg|13x13px]] ц̓ ꚑ ч ч̍ чّ [[File:Cyrillic small letter Char.svg|16x16px]] (ჭ)/ч̓ ш ղ ղ̓ ղᷱ ດ'''

As part of Soviet language re-education policies in 1928 the Ajam was [[Latinisation in the Soviet Union|replaced]] by a Latin alphabet, which in 1938 was in turn [[Cyrillisation in the Soviet Union|replaced]] by the current [[Cyrillic script]]. Essentially, it is the Russian alphabet plus one additional letter called ''[[palochka]]'' (''stick'', Ӏ), originally the digit 1 on a manual typewriter. The palochka is not included in common computer [[keyboard layout]]s, and is often replaced with a capital Latin letter i ( ''I'' ) or occasionally a small Latin letter L ( ''l'' ) rather than the digit ''1''.

=== Cyrillic alphabet ===
The Avar language is usually written in the [[Cyrillic script]]. The letters of the alphabet are (with their pronunciation given below in [[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]] transcription):<ref name="TITUS"/><ref name="Omniglot">[http://www.omniglot.com/writing/avar.htm Omniglot on the Avar alphabet, language and pronunciation]</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
| style="width:5em;" | А а <br /> {{IPA|/a/}}
| style="width:5em;" | Б б <br /> {{IPA|/b/}}
| style="width:5em;" | В в <br /> {{IPA|/w/}}
| style="width:5em;" | Г г <br /> {{IPA|/ɡ/}}
| style="width:5em;" | Гъ гъ <br /> {{IPA|/ʁ/}}
| style="width:5em;" | Гь гь <br /> {{IPA|/h/}}
| style="width:5em;" | ГӀ гӏ <br /> {{IPA|/ʕ/}}
| style="width:5em;" | Д д <br /> {{IPA|/d/}}
|-
| Е е <br /> {{IPA|/e/}}, {{IPA|/je/}}
| Ё ё <br /> {{IPA|/jo/}}
| Ж ж <br /> {{IPA|/ʒ/}}
| З з <br /> {{IPA|/z/}}
| И и <br /> {{IPA|/i/}}
| Й й <br /> {{IPA|/j/}}
| К к <br /> {{IPA|/k/}}
| Къ къ <br /> {{IPA|/q͡χʼː/}}
|-
| Кь кь <br /> {{IPA|/t͡ɬʼː/}}
| КӀ кӏ <br /> {{IPA|/kʼ/}}
| КӀкӏ кӏкӏ <br /> {{IPA|/kʼː/}}
| Кк кк <br /> {{IPA|/kː/}}
| Л л <br /> {{IPA|/l/}}
| ЛӀ лӏ <br /> {{IPA|/t͡ɬː/}}
| Лъ лъ <br /> {{IPA|/ɬ/}}
| Лълъ лълъ <br /> {{IPA|/ɬː/}}
|-
| М м <br /> {{IPA|/m/}}
| Н н <br /> {{IPA|/n/}}
| О о <br /> {{IPA|/o/}}
| П п <br /> {{IPA|/p/}}
| Р р <br /> {{IPA|/r/}}
| С с <br /> {{IPA|/s/}}
| Сс сс <br /> {{IPA|/sː/}}
| Т т <br /> {{IPA|/t/}}
|-
| ТӀ тӏ <br /> {{IPA|/tʼ/}}
| У у <br /> {{IPA|/u/}}
| Ф ф <br /> {{IPA|/f/}}
| Х х <br /> {{IPA|/χ/}}
| Хх хх <br /> {{IPA|/χː/}}
| Хъ хъ <br /> {{IPA|/q͡χː/}}
| Хь хь <br /> {{IPA|/x/}}
| Хьхь хьхь <br /> {{IPA|/xː/}}
|-
| ХӀ хӏ <br /> {{IPA|/ħ/}}
| Ц ц <br /> {{IPA|/t͡s/}}
| Цц цц <br /> {{IPA|/t͡sː/}}
| ЦӀ цӏ <br /> {{IPA|/t͡sʼ/}}
| ЦӀцӏ цӏцӏ <br /> {{IPA|/t͡sʼː/}}
| Ч ч <br /> {{IPA|/t͡ʃ/}}
| Чч чч <br /> {{IPA|/t͡ʃː/}}
| ЧӀ чӏ <br /> {{IPA|/t͡ʃʼ/}}
|-
| ЧӀчӏ чӏчӏ <br /> {{IPA|/t͡ʃʼː/}}
| Ш ш <br /> {{IPA|/ʃ/}}
| Щ щ <br /> {{IPA|/ʃː/}}
| Ъ ъ <br /> {{IPA|/ʔ/}}
| Ы ы <br /> {{IPA|/ɨ/}}
| Ь ь <br /> {{IPA|/ʲ/}}&nbsp;
| Э э <br /> {{IPA|/e/}}
| Ю ю <br /> {{IPA|/ju/}}
|-
| Я я <br /> {{IPA|/ja/}}
|}

===Latin alphabet===
The Avar Latin alphabet was originally monocameral. Capital letters were added later. Note that there is no distinction between a cedilla as in {{angle bracket|ţ}} and a straight tick as in {{angle bracket|ⱪ}}; the graphic forms of the letters vary by publication, and ''k'' may have a cedilla or ''t'' a tick.<ref>[[:File:M. Debirop, Avar alipba, 1928.pdf]]</ref><ref name="Саидов">{{Cite journal |author=Саидов М. Д. |editor=  |format= |url=  |title= Возникновение письменности у аварцев |type=  |orig-year= | agency= |edition= Языки Дагестана  |location= Махач-Кала |year= 1948 |publisher=  |at=  |volume=  |issue=  |number= |pages= |page=  |series=  |isbn= |issn= |doi= |bibcode= |arxiv= |pmid= |language=  |quote=  }}</ref><ref name="КиПВ">{{Cite journal |author= |editor=  |format= |url= https://viewer.rusneb.ru/ru/rsl01005509731?page=177 |title= Новый алфавит для народностей Дагестана |type=  |orig-year= | agency= |edition= Культура и письменность Востока  |location= Б. |year= 1928 |publisher=  |volume=  |issue= II |pages=176–177 |series=  |isbn= |issn= |doi= |bibcode= |arxiv= |pmid= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220402173608/https://viewer.rusneb.ru/ru/rsl01005509731?page=177 |archive-date=2022-04-02 |language=  |quote=  }}</ref><ref name="Алексеев">{{Cite journal |author=Алексеев М. Е. |editor=  |format= |url=  |title= Аварский язык. — Языки Российской Федерации и соседних государств. — М.: Наука |type=  |orig-year= | agency= |edition=   |location= М. |year= 2001 |publisher=  |volume=  |issue=  |number= |pages=24–34 |series=  |isbn= |issn= |doi= |bibcode= |arxiv= |pmid= |language=  |quote=  }}</ref><ref name="graham">{{cite journal |last=Graham |first=C. |year=1881 |article-number=XI |title=The Avâr Language |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=291–352 |doi=10.1017/s0035869x00017858 |s2cid=164107540 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-royal-asiatic-society/article/abs/art-xithe-avar-language/B51A098F542020E3620B3464C68B6B63|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>[http://avar.me/ http://avar.me/]</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Latin
! Cyrillic
! Arabic
! IPA
|-
|A a
|А а||آ ,ا||/a/
|-
|B b
|Б б||ب||/b/
|-
|C c
|Ч ч||چ||/t͡ʃ/
|-
|Ꞓ ꞓ
|ЧӀ чӀ||ڃ||/t͡ʃʼ/
|-
|D d
|Д д||د||/d/
|-
|E e
|Э э||ئې، ې||/e/
|-
|G ɡ
|Г г||ڬ||/ɡ/
|-
|Ƣ ƣ
|Гъ Гъ||غ||/ʁ/
|-
|H h
|Гь гь||ﻫ||/h/
|-
|Ħ ħ
|ХӀ хӀ||ح||/ħ/
|-
|Ⱨ ⱨ
|ГӀ гӀ||ع||/ʕ/
|-
|I i
|И и||ئێ، ێ||/i/
|-
|J j
|Й й, Ь ь||ي||/j/, /Cʲ/
|-
|K k
|К к||ك||/k/
|-
|Ⱪ ⱪ
|КӀ кӀ||گ||/kʼ/
|-
|L l
|Л л||ل||/l/
|-
|Ļ ļ
|Лъ лъ||ڸ||/t͡ɬ/
|-
|Ꝉ̧ ꝉ̧
| || ||
|-
|M m
|М м||م||/m/
|-
|N n
|Н н||ن||/n/
|-
|O o
|О о||ئۈ، ۈ||/o/
|-
|P p
|П п||ف ||/p/
|-
|Q q
|Къ къ||ق||/q͡χʼː/
|-
|Ꝗ ꝗ
|Кь кь||ڨ||/t͡ɬʼː/
|-
|R r
|Р р||ر||/r/
|-
|S s
|С с||س||/s/
|-
|Ꟊ ꟊ
|Ц ц||ص||/t͡s/
|-
|Ş ş
|Ш ш||ش||/ʃ/
|-
|T t
|Т т||ت||/t/
|-
|Ţ ţ
|ТӀ тӀ||ط||/tʼ/
|-
|U u
|У у||ئۇ، ۇ||/u/
|-
|V v
|В в||و||/w/, /Cʷ/
|-
|X x
|Х х||خ||/χ/
|-
|Ҳ ҳ
|Хь хь||ڮ||/x/
|-
|Ӿ ӿ
|Хъ хъ||څ||/q͡χː/
|-
|Z z
|З з||ز||/z/
|-
|Ƶ ƶ
|Ж ж||ج||/ʒ/
|-
|Ⱬ ⱬ
|ЦӀ цӀ||ض||/t͡sʼ/
|-
|ʼ
|Ъ ъ||ئ ||/ʔ/
|}

===Arabic alphabet===

One feature of Avar Arabic alphabet is that similar to alphabets such as [[Uyghur alphabet|Uyghur]] and [[Kurdish alphabets|Kurdish]], the script does not omit vowels and does not rely on [[Arabic diacritics|diacritics]] to represent vowels when need be. Instead, modified letters with dot placement and accents have been standardized to represent vowels. Thus, Avar Arabic script is no longer an "impure [[abjad]]" unlike its parent systems ([[Arabic alphabet|Arabic]], [[Persian alphabet|Persian]], and [[Ottoman Turkish alphabet|Ottoman]]), it now resembles a proper "[[alphabet]]".

While this was not the case for most of the several centuries during which Arabic alphabet has been used for Avar, this has become the case in the latest and most common conventions. This was indeed not the case at the time of writing of a linguistic article for the [[Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society]] in 1881.<ref name="graham"/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Arabic
! Cyrillic
! Latin
! IPA
|-
| ا 
|А а||A a||/a/
|-
| ب
|Б б||B b||/b/
|-
| ت
|Т т||T t||/t/
|-
| تُ
|Тв тв||Tv tv||/tʷ/
|-
| ج
|Ж ж||Ƶ ƶ||/ʒ/
|-
| جُ
|Жв жв||Ƶv ƶv||/ʒʷ/
|-
| ڃ
|ЧӀ чӀ||Ç ç||/t͡ʃʼ/
|-
| ڃُ
|ЧӀв чӀв||Çv çv||/t͡ʃʷʼ/
|-
|‌ ڃّ
|ЧӀчӀ чӀчӀ||Çç çç||/t͡ʃʼː/
|-
|‌ ڃُّ
|ЧӀчӀв чӀчӀв||Ççv ççv||/t͡ʃʷʼː/
|-
| چ
|Ч ч||C c||/t͡ʃ/
|-
| چُ
|Чв чв||Cv cv||/t͡ʃʷ/
|-
| چّ
|Чч чч||Cc cc||/t͡ʃː/
|-
| چُّ
|Ччв ччв||Ccv ccv||/t͡ʃʷː/
|-
| ح
|ХӀ хӀ||Ħ ħ||/ʜ/
|-
| حُ
|ХӀв хӀв||Ħv ħv||/ʜʷ/
|-
| خ
|Х х||X x||/χ/
|-
| خُ
|Хв хв||Xv xv||/χʷ/
|-
| خّ
|Хх хх||Xx xx||/χː/
|-
| خُّ
|Ххв ххв||Xxv xxv||/χʷː/
|-
| څ
|Хъ хъ||Ӿ ӿ||/q͡χː/
|-
| څُ
|Хъв хъв||Ӿv ӿv||/q͡χʷː/
|-
| د
|Д д||D d||/d/
|-
| دُ
|Дв дв||Dv dv||/dʷ/
|-
|‌ ر
|Р р||R r||/r/
|-
|‌ ز
|З з||Z z||/z/
|-
|‌ زُ
|Зв зв||Zv zv||/zʷ/
|-
|‌ س
|С с||S s||/s/
|-
|‌ سُ
|Св св||Sv sv||/sʷ/
|-
|‌ سّ
|Сс сс||Ss ss||/sː/
|-
|‌ سُّ
|Ссв ссв||Ssv ssv||/sʷː/
|-
| ش
|Ш ш||Ş ş||/ʃ/
|-
| شُ
|Шв шв||Şv şv||/ʃʷ/
|-
| شّ
|Щ щ||Şş şş||/ʃː/
|-
| شُّ
|Щв щв||Şşv şşv||/ʃʷː/
|-
| ص
|Ц ц||Ꞩ ꞩ||/t͡s/
|-
| صّ
|Цц цц||Ꞩꞩ ꞩꞩ||/t͡sː/
|-
| ض
|ЦӀ цӀ||Ⱬ ⱬ||/t͡sʼ/
|-
| ضُ
|ЦӀв цӀв||Ⱬv ⱬv||/t͡sʷʼ/
|-
|ضّ
|ЦӀцӀ цӀцӀ||Ⱬⱬ ⱬⱬ||/t͡sʼː/
|-
|ضُّ
|ЦӀцӀв цӀцӀв||Ⱬⱬv ⱬⱬv||/t͡sʷʼː/
|-
| ط
|ТӀ тӀ||Ţ ţ||/tʼ/
|-
| طُ
|ТӀв тӀв||Ţv ţv||/tʷʼ/
|-
|‌ ع
|ГӀ гӀ||Ⱨ ⱨ||/ʕ/
|-
| غ
|Гъ Гъ||Ƣ ƣ||/ʁ/
|-
| غُ
|Гъв Гъв||Ƣv ƣv||/ʁʷ/
|-
|rowspan="2"| ف
|П п||P p||/p/
|-
|Ф ф||F f||/f/
|-
| ڣ
|ПӀ пӀ||P p||/pʼ/
|-
| ق
|Къ къ||Q q||/q͡χʼː/
|-
| قُ
|Къв къв||Qv qv||/q͡χʷʼː/
|-
| ڨ
|Кь кь||Ꝗ ꝗ||/t͡ɬʼː/
|-
| ڨُ
|Кьв кьв||Ꝗv ꝗv||/t͡ɬʷʼː/
|-
| ك
|К к||K k||/k/
|-
| كُ
|Кв кв||Kv kv||/kʷ/
|-
| كّ
|Кк кк||Kk kk||/kː/
|-
| كُّ
|Ккв ккв||Kkv kkv||/kʷː/
|-
| گ
|КӀ кӀ||Ⱪ ⱪ||/kʼ/
|-
| گُ
|КӀв кӀв||Ⱪv ⱪv||/kʷʼ/
|-
| گّ
|КӀкӀ кӀкӀ||Ⱪⱪ ⱪⱪ||/kʼː/
|-
| گُّ
|КӀкӀв кӀкӀв||Ⱪⱪv ⱪⱪv||/kʷʼː/
|-
| ڬ
|Г г||G g ||/ɡ/
|-
| ڬُ
|Гв гв||Gv gv ||/ɡʷ/
|-
| ڮ
|Хь хь||Ҳ ҳ||/x/
|-
| ڮُ
|Хьв хьв||Ҳv ҳv||/xʷ/
|-
| ڮّ
|Хьхь хьхь||Ҳҳ ҳҳ||/xː/
|-
| ل
|Л л||L l||/l/
|-
| ڸ
|Лъ лъ||Ļ ļ||/t͡ɬ/
|-
| ڸُ
|Лъв лъв||Ļv ļv||/t͡ɬʷ/
|-
| ڸّ
|Лълъ лълъ||Ļļ ļļ||/t͡ɬː/
|-
| ڸُّ
|Лълъв лълъв||Ļļv ļļv||/t͡ɬʷː/
|-
| م
|М м||M m||/m/
|-
| ن
|Н н||N n||/n/
|-
| و
|В в||V v||/w/
|-
| ئۈ، ۈ
|О о||O o||/o/
|-
| ئۇ، ۇ
|У у||U u||/u/
|-
| ﻫُ
|Гьв гьв||Hv hv||/ɦʷ/
|-
| ﻫ
|Гь гь||H h||/ɦ/
|-
| ئې، ې
|Э э||E e||/e/
|-
| ئې، ې، يې
|Е е||E e, Je je ||/e/, /je/
|-
|rowspan="2"| ئێ، ێ
|И и||I i||/i/
|-
|Ы ы||Y y|| /ɨ/
|-
|rowspan="2"| ي
|Й й||J j||/j/
|-
|Ь ь||J j|| /ʲ/
|-
| يا
|Я я||Ja ja||/ja/
|-
| ''يۈ''
|Ё ё||Jo, jo||/jo/
|-
| يۇ
|Ю ю||Ju ju||/ju/
|-
| ئ
|Ъ ъ||’||/ʔ/
|-
| ئُ
|Ъв ъв|| ’v ||/ʔʷ/
|}

As an example, in Avar Arabic Script, four varieties of the letter ''[[yāʼ]]'' ("ی") have been developed, each with a distinct function.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Varieties of "ی"
! Leter
! Cyrillic Equivalent
! IPA
! Function
|-
| <span style="font-size:110%;">{{script/Arabic|ئ}}</span>
| - / ъ
| /ʔ/
| Used at the beginning of words starting with vowels "О о" [o], "У у" [u],	"Э э" [e], and "И и" [i]. Has no sound of its own, but acts as "vowel carrier". Similar to writing conventions of [[Uyghur alphabet|Uyghyr]] and [[Kurdish alphabets|Kurdish]]
|-
| <span style="font-size:110%;">{{script/Arabic|ئې، ې}}</span>
| Э э / Е е
| /e/
| Similar letter exists in [[Pashto alphabet|Pashto]], [[Southern Uzbek language#Southern Uzbek Alphabet|Uzbek]], and [[Uyghur alphabet|Uyghyr]] orthographies.
|-
| <span style="font-size:110%;">{{script/Arabic|ئێ، ێ}}</span>
| И и / Ы ы
| /i~ɨ/
| Similar letter exists in [[Kurdish alphabets|Kurdish]] orthography, but for the vowel [e].
|-
| <span style="font-size:110%;">{{script/Arabic|ي}}</span>
| Й й
| /j/
| Equivalent to English "y" sound.
|}

Nevertheless, Avar Arabic script does retain two diacritics.

First is "[[shadda]]" (ـّـ), used for [[gemination]]. While in Cyrillic, two back to back letters, including [[Digraph (orthography)|digraphs]] are written, in Arabic script, shadda is used.

Second diacritic in use in Avar Arabic script is [[Arabic diacritics#Ḍammah|ḍammah]] (ـُـ). In Arabic, Persian, and historically in Ottoman Turkish, this diacritic is used to represent [o] or [u]. But in Avar, this diacritic is used for [[labialization]] [◌ʷ] and not for any sort of vowel. So, it is the case that this diacritic is used in conjunction with a follow-up vowel. For example, the sound "зва" [zʷa] is written as "زُا".

This diacritic can optionally be used in conjunction with shadda. For example, the sound "ссвa" [sʷːa] is written as "سُّا".

If a word starts with a vowel, if it's an [a] sound, it is written with ''alif'' "ا". Otherwise, the vowel needs to be preceded by a "vowel carrier", which is ''hamza-ya''' (ئـ). No need for such a carrier in the middle of words. Below table demonstrates vowels in Avar Arabic Script.

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|+Vowel Table
|-
! А а || О о || У у || Э э / Е е || И и 
|-
! [a] || [o] || [u] || [e] || [i]
|-
!colspan=6| Vowel at the beginning of a word
|-dir="rtl"
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ا}}</span>
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ئۈ}}</span>
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ئۇ}}</span>
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ئېـ}}</span>
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ئێـ}}</span>
|-
!colspan=6| Vowel in the middle or end of a word
|-
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ـا، ا}}</span>
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ـۈ، ۈ}}</span>
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ـۇ، ۇ}}</span>
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ېـ، ـېـ، ـې}}</span>
| <span style="font-size:140%;line-height:1.35;">{{Script/Arabic|ێـ، ـێـ، ـێ}}</span>
|}

===Sample comparison===
{|class="wikitable"
!Arabic Alphabet (2007)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.omniglot.com/writing/avar.htm|title=Avar (Магӏарул мацӏ / Авар мацӏ)|website=www.omniglot.com|access-date=2023-08-14}}</ref>!!Cyrillic Alphabet (2007)!!Latin Alphabet
|- style="vertical-align:top;text-align:center;"
|dir="rtl"|<poem><span style="font-size:110%;line-height:1.65;">{{Script/Arabic|lang=av-Arab|
نۈڸ ماڨێڸ وێڮانا، ڨالدا ڸۇق - ڸۇقۇن، 
ڨۇردا كُېر ڃُان ئۇنېو، بێدا وېضّۇن دۇن؛
ڨۇرۇڬێ باطاڸۇن صېوې ئۇناڬۈ،
صۈ ڸارال راعالدا عۈدۈو كّۈلېو دۇن.
ڸار چُاخّۇلېب بۇڬۈ چابخێل گّالاڅان،
ڸێن گانضۇلېب بۇڬۈ ڬانڃازدا طاسان؛
طاراماغادێسېب قُال بالېب بۇڬۈ،
قۈ ڸێگێلان دێصا سۈعاب راڨالدا}}</span></poem>
|<poem>Нолъ макьилъ вихьана, кьалда лъукъ-лъукъун,
Кьурда квер чIван унев, бида вецIцIун дун;
Кьуруги батIалъун цеве унаго,
Цо лъарал рагIалда гIодов кколев дун.
Лъар чваххулеб буго чабхил кIкIалахъан,
Лъин кIанцIулеб буго ганчIазда тIасан;
ТIарамагъадисеб къвал балеб буго,
Къо лъикIилан дица согIаб ракьалда.</poem>
| <poem>Noļ maꝗiļ viҳana, ꝗalda ļuq-ļuqun,
Ꝗurda кvеr çvan unеv, bida vеⱬⱬun dun;
Ꝗuruⱨ baţaļun s̶еvе unago,
Co ļaral raⱨalda ⱨodov ккolеv dun.
Łar cvaxxulеb bugo cabxil ⱪⱪalax̶an,
Łin ⱪanⱬulеb bugo gançazda ţaсan;
Ţaramaƣadiсеb qval balеb bugo,
Qo ļiⱪilan dis̶a сoⱨab raꝗalda.</poem>
|}