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Bringing Up Baby
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===Filming=== Shooting began September 23, 1937, and was scheduled to end November 20, 1937,{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=254}} on a budget of $767,676.{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=250}} Filming began in-studio with the scenes in Susan's apartment, moving to the [[Bel Air Country Club]] in early October for the golf-course scenes.{{sfn|Mast|1988|p=7}} The production had a difficult start due to Hepburn's struggles with her character and her comedic abilities. She frequently overacted, trying too hard to be funny,{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=250}} and Hawks asked vaudeville veteran Walter Catlett to help coach her. Catlett acted out scenes with Grant for Hepburn, showing her that he was funnier when he was serious. Hepburn understood, acted naturally and played herself for the rest of the shoot; she was so impressed by Catlett's talent and coaching ability that she insisted he play Constable Slocum in the film.{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|pp=250β251}}{{sfn|Mast|1988|p=261}} [[File:Bringing up baby publicity photo.jpg|thumb|200px|alt=Katharine Hepburn, smiling, and leopard looking off-camera|Katharine Hepburn and Nissa in a publicity photo; at one point, Nissa lunged at Hepburn but was stopped by the trainer's whip.]] Most shooting was done at the Arthur Ranch in the San Fernando Valley, which was used as Aunt Elizabeth's estate for interior and exterior scenes.{{sfn|Mast|1988|p=7}} Beginning at the Arthur Ranch shoot,{{sfn|Mast|1988|p=8}} Grant and Hepburn often [[ad-lib]]bed their dialogue and frequently delayed production by making each other laugh.{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=251}} The scene where Grant frantically asks Hepburn where his bone is, was shot from 10 am until well after 4 pm because of the stars' laughing fits.{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=252}} After one month of shooting Hawks was seven days behind schedule. During the filming, Hawks would refer to four different versions of the film's script and make frequent changes to scenes and dialogue.{{sfn|Mast|1988|p=8}} His leisurely attitude on set and shutting down production to see a horse race contributed to the lost time.{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=252}} He took twelve days to shoot the Westlake jail scene instead of the scheduled five.{{sfn|Mast|1988|p=8}} Hawks later facetiously blamed the setbacks on his two stars' laughing fits and having to work with two animal actors.{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=252}} The terrier George was played by Skippy, known as Asta in [[The Thin Man (film series)|''The Thin Man'' film series]] and co-starring with Grant (as Mr. Smith) in ''[[The Awful Truth]]''. The tame leopard Baby and the escaped circus leopard were both played by a trained leopard, Nissa; Nissa was supervised by its trainer, Olga Celeste, who stood by with a whip during shooting. At one point, when Hepburn spun around (causing her skirt to twirl) Nissa lunged at her and was subdued when Celeste cracked her whip. Hepburn wore heavy perfume to keep Nissa calm and was unafraid of the leopard, but Grant was terrified; most scenes of the two interacting are done in close-up with a stand-in. Hepburn played upon his fear by throwing a toy leopard through the roof of Grant's dressing room during production.{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=252}} There were several news reports about Hawks's difficulty filming the live leopard, and the potential danger to highly valuable actors, so some scenes required [[Rear projection effect|rear-screen projection]],<ref name="Baby DVD. Special Features 2005">''Bringing Up Baby'' DVD. Special Features. Peter Bogdanovich Audio Commentary. Turner Home Entertainment. 2005.</ref> while several others were shot using [[Matte (filmmaking)|traveling mattes]]. In a scene where Grant has Baby on a leash, it is quite obvious that the leash was hand painted on film because it proved impossible to make the two parts of the leash join in the traveling matte. Hawks and Hepburn had a confrontation one day during shooting. While Hepburn was chatting with a crew member, Hawks yelled "Quiet!" until the only person still talking was Hepburn. When Hepburn paused and realized that everyone was looking at her, she asked what was the matter. Hawks asked her if she was finished imitating a parrot. Hepburn took Hawks aside, telling him never to talk to her like that again since she was old friends with most of the crew. When Hawks (an even older friend of the crew) asked a lighting tech whom he would rather drop a light on, Hepburn agreed to behave on set. A variation of this scene, with Grant yelling "Quiet!", was incorporated into the film.{{sfn|Mast|1988|p=261}}{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=253}} The Westlake Street set was shot at 20th Century Fox Studios.{{sfn|Mast|1988|p=29}} Filming was eventually completed on January 6, 1938, with the scenes outside Mr. Peabody's house. RKO producers expressed concern about the film's delays and expense, coming in 40 days over schedule and $330,000 over budget, and also disliked Grant's glasses and Hepburn's hair.{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=253}} The film's final cost was $1,096,796.23, primarily due to overtime clauses in Hawks's, Grant's and Hepburn's contracts.{{sfn|McCarthy|1997|p=254}} The film's cost for sets and props was only $5,000 over budget, but all actors (including Nissa and Skippy) were paid approximately double their initial salaries. Hepburn's salary rose from $72,500 to $122,000, Grant's from $75,000 to $123,000 and Hawks's from $88,000 to $203,000; Hawks received an additional $40,000 to terminate his RKO contract on March 21, 1938.{{sfn|Mast|1988|p=14}}
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