Editing Cancer pagurus (section)

==Taxonomy and systematics==

According to the rules of the [[International Code of Zoological Nomenclature]], ''Cancer pagurus'' was first described by [[Carl Linnaeus]] in 1758, in the [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|tenth edition]] of his ''[[Systema Naturae]]'', which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. It was chosen to be the [[type species]] of the genus ''[[Cancer (genus)|Cancer]]'' by [[Pierre André Latreille]] in 1810.<ref name="Ng">{{cite journal|journal=[[Raffles Bulletin of Zoology]] |year=2008 |volume=17 |pages=1–286 |title=Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world |author1=Peter K. L. Ng |author2=Danièle Guinot |author3=Peter J. F. Davie |url=http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s17/s17rbz.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606061453/http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/s17/s17rbz.pdf |archive-date=2011-06-06 }}</ref> The [[specific name (zoology)|specific epithet]] {{wikt-lang|la|pagurus}} is a [[Latin]] word, deriving from the {{langx|grc|πάγουρος}} ({{transliteration|grc|pagouros}}), which, alongside {{wikt-lang|grc|κάρκινος}} ({{transliteration|grc|karkinos}}), was used to refer to edible marine crabs; neither classical term can be confidently assigned to a particular species.<ref>{{cite book |author=Andrew Dalby |year=2003 |title=Food in the ancient world from A to Z |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-415-23259-3 |chapter=Crab |page=105 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FtIXAe2qYDgC&pg=PA105}}</ref>

Although the genus ''Cancer'' formerly included most crabs,<ref>{{cite book |author1=Gary C. B. Poore |author2=Shane T. Ahyong |year=2004 |title=Marine decapod Crustacea of southern Australia: a guide to identification |publisher=[[CSIRO Publishing]] |isbn=978-0-643-06906-0 |chapter=Cancridae Latreille, 1803 |pages=401–403 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZZWnuGc0xlMC&pg=PA401}}</ref> it has since been restricted to eight species.<ref name="Ng"/> Within that set of closely related species, the closest relative of ''C. pagurus'' is the [[Jonah crab]], ''C. borealis'', from the east coast of [[North America]].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Michelle K. Harrison |author2=Bernard J. Crespi |year=1999 |title=Phylogenetics of ''Cancer'' crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura) |journal=[[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]] |volume=12 |issue=2 |pages=186–199 |doi=10.1006/mpev.1998.0608 |url=http://decapoda.arthroinfo.org/pdfs/4160/4160.pdf |pmid=10381321}}</ref>