Editing Cartography (section)

===Early modern period===
{{See also|Iberian cartography, 1400–1600|l1=Early modern Iberian (Spanish and Portuguese) cartography|Early modern Netherlandish cartography|l2=Early modern Netherlandish (Dutch and Flemish) cartography}}

The early modern period saw the convergence of cartographical techniques across Eurasia and the exchange of mercantile mapping techniques via the Indian Ocean.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Richards |first=John F. |date=1997 |title=Early Modern India and World History |journal=[[Journal of World History]] |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=197–209 |doi=10.1353/jwh.2005.0071 |s2cid=143582665 |issn=1527-8050}}</ref>

In the early seventeenth century, the [[Selden Map|Selden map]] was created by a Chinese cartographer. Historians have put its date of creation around 1620, but there is debate in this regard. This map's significance draws from historical misconceptions of East Asian cartography, the main one being that East Asians did not do cartography until Europeans arrived. The map's depiction of trading routes, a compass rose, and scale bar points to the culmination of many map-making techniques incorporated into Chinese mercantile cartography.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Batchelor |first=Robert |date=January 2013 |title=The Selden Map Rediscovered: A Chinese Map of East Asian Shipping Routes, {{circa|1619}} |journal=[[Imago Mundi]] |volume=65 |issue=1 |pages=37–63 |doi=10.1080/03085694.2013.731203 |s2cid=127283174 |issn=0308-5694 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

In 1689, representatives of the Russian tsar and Qing Dynasty met near the border town of Nerchinsk, which was near the disputed border of the two powers, in eastern Siberia.<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Peter C. |last=Perdue |date=2010 |title=Boundaries and Trade in the Early Modern World: Negotiations at Nerchinsk and Beijing |journal=[[Eighteenth-Century Studies]] |volume=43 |issue=3 |pages=341–356 |doi=10.1353/ecs.0.0187 |s2cid=159638846 |issn=1086-315X}}</ref> The two parties, with the Qing negotiation party bringing [[Society of Jesus|Jesuits]] as intermediaries, managed to work a treaty which placed the Amur River as the border between the Eurasian powers, and opened up trading relations between the two. This treaty's significance draws from the interaction between the two sides, and the intermediaries who were drawn from a wide variety of nationalities.