Editing Cervical cap (section)

==Types==
[[File:Cervical Cap.png|thumb|left|alt=An illustration of a cervical cap and spermicidal cream|Cervical Cap]]

Several brands of caps were manufactured during the late 20th and early 21st centuries.  They can be divided into two types: cavity rim caps, and other caps.  Cavity rim caps adhere to the cervix, while other caps adhere to the vaginal walls around the cervix.  However, the FemCap (the only cervical cap sold in the United States after 2008) adheres to both.

The cavity rim caps are Prentif, made of latex, and the disposable cap Oves, made of silicone. There are four sizes of Prentif: 22, 25, 28, and 31&nbsp;mm.  There are three sizes of Oves: 26, 28, and 30&nbsp;mm.  Unique among cervical caps, it adheres to the cervix by [[surface tension]], rather than by suction.<ref name="CBAS"/>

The other devices are the latex Dumas and Vimule, and the silicone FemCap, Lea's Shield, and Shanghai Lily. There are five sizes of Dumas: 50, 55, 60, 65, and 75&nbsp;mm.  There are three sizes of Vimule: 42, 48, and 52&nbsp;mm.  There are three sizes of FemCap: 22, 26, and 30&nbsp;mm.  There are four sizes of Shanghai Lily: 54, 58, 62, and 66&nbsp;mm.  Lea's Shield is manufactured in a single size.  Unlike the other caps, Lea's Shield has a one-way air valve that helps it seal to the vaginal walls. The valve also allows the passage of [[cervical mucus]]. FemCap does not have such a valve and as such can be used to collect cervical mucus to support the [[Billings method]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://ethicalfamilyplanning.com/resources/femcap/femcap_to_predict_fertility_window.php |title=Ethical Family Planning - Natural Family Planning and Sexual Health with Ethics |access-date=2010-10-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100816011942/http://ethicalfamilyplanning.com/resources/femcap/femcap_to_predict_fertility_window.php |archive-date=2010-08-16 }}</ref> Both Lea's Shield and FemCap have loops to assist in removal.<ref name="CBAS" />

Shanghai Lily is only available in [[People's Republic of China|China]].<ref name="CBAS" />  As of 2008, many of the other devices are no longer being manufactured: Prentif, Vimule, and Dumas have been discontinued.<ref>'''Prentif''': {{cite web | title = Birth control options: the Cedar River Clinic's Birth Control Chart | work = Women's Health Activist | publisher = AccessMyLibrary.com | date = 2007-07-01 | url = http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-32457706_ITM | access-date = 2008-07-11 | quote = The Prentif cap is no longer being manufactured, but some clinics still have it in stock. | archive-date = 2009-02-12 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090212165101/http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-32457706_ITM | url-status = live }}<br />
'''Prentif, Vimule, and Dumas''': {{cite web | title = Portio Kappen | publisher = Kessel-Marketing | year = 2007 | url = http://www.kessel-marketing.de/portio_kappen.html | access-date = 2008-07-10 | quote = Prentif, Vimule und Dumas sind nicht mehr verfügbar. (Prentif, Vimule and Dumas are no longer available.) | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080423170400/http://www.kessel-marketing.de/portio_kappen.html | archive-date = April 23, 2008 }}</ref>  Oves is only being sold as a [[conception cap]], not as a birth control device.{{citation needed|date=October 2014}} As of February 2009, FemCap was the only brand of cervical cap available in the United States.<ref name="FemCapPP" />  FemCap is also available in the UK via the NHS on prescription and is often distributed free from Family Planning Clinics depending on the health authority.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://buyfemcap.com/about.php |title=Buy FemCap .com - Online Store for FemCap - the Number 1 Cervical Cap for Hormone Free Contraception |access-date=2010-10-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100815052755/http://buyfemcap.com/about.php |archive-date=2010-08-15 }}</ref>
Lea's Shield is only available as the German brand LEA contraceptivum.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.barriermethods.com/ |title=Barriermethods.com : Contraception with no hormon caused sideeffects because hormonfree : Diaphragm, cervical caps, lea contraceptivum, female condom ( femidom ) |access-date=2010-01-09 |archive-date=2010-04-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100418050557/http://www.barriermethods.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===FemCap===
As of 2009, FemCap is the only brand available in the United States.<ref name="FemCapPP">{{cite web
| url = http://www.plannedparenthood.org/health-topics/birth-control/cervical-cap-20487.htm
| title = Cervical Cap (FemCap)
| access-date = 2009-02-03
| author = Planned Parenthood
| date = 2008-05-16
| archive-date = 2009-01-22
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090122061920/http://www.plannedparenthood.org/health-topics/birth-control/cervical-cap-20487.htm
| url-status = live
}}</ref> A new FemCap performed poorly in a user acceptability study, suggesting that the modifications increased coital pain or discomfort among female users and their male sex partners, and that the modifications did not improve ease of use overall.<ref name=PMID16371297/> However, FemCap users are still less likely to report such pain or discomfort than diaphragm users.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fsrh.org/pdfs/FemCapFinalGP.pdf |title=New Product Review (October 2004) - FemCap |access-date=2018-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110726070449/http://www.fsrh.org/pdfs/FemCapFinalGP.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Sponge covered cap===
A cap of the 1920s had a sponge permanently attached to the outer surface of the cap to hold a liquid spermaticide such as vinegar.  It was not as easy to clean the cap when removed, due to the sponge part.{{sfn|Stopes|1924|pp=157 ff.}}

===2-part cap===
This cap of the 1920s (the "Mizpah") had a separate ring (rim) which went around the base of the cervix and was worn constantly.  The cap portion (which has its own ring/rim) is snapped into the base ring for use.  A criticism of it was that due to the groove in the base ring (so it could attach itself to the cap part) it could not be kept perfectly clean without removing it.{{sfn|Stopes|1924|pp=166 ff.}}