Editing Cheque fraud (section)

=== Forgery ===
Sometimes, [[forgery]] is the method of choice in defrauding a bank. There are three main types of cheque forgery:<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.chequeandcredit.co.uk/information-hub/cheque-fraud-advice/types-cheque-fraud|title=Types of cheque fraud &#124; Cheque & Credit Clearing Company|access-date=2019-07-29|archive-date=2019-07-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190729103923/https://www.chequeandcredit.co.uk/information-hub/cheque-fraud-advice/types-cheque-fraud|url-status=live}}</ref> (a) Counterfeit. This is a cheque that has been created on non-bank paper to look genuine. It relates to a genuine account. (b) Forged signature. The cheque is genuine, but the signature is not that of the account holder. (c) Fraudulently altered. In this case a genuine cheque has been made out by the genuine customer but it has been altered by a fraudster, typically by altering the recipient’s name or by adding words and/or digits in order to inflate the amount. In England and Wales, section 64 of the Bills of Exchange Act of 1882 provides that where a bill or an acceptance is materially altered without the assent of all parties liable on the bill, the bill is made void except when used against a party who has himself made, authorised or assented to the alteration, and subsequent endorsers.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|url = https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/intfinr5&div=218&id=&page=|title = Banks and the Fraudulent Alteration of Cheques|journal = International Financial Law Review|year = 1986|volume = 5|page = 29|last1 = Fidler|first1 = P. J. M.|access-date = 2019-07-29|archive-date = 2020-10-31|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201031135823/https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/intfinr5&div=218&id=&page=|url-status = live}}</ref>

Other cases include that of [[Frank Abagnale]], where the perpetrator passes or attempts to pass a cheque that has been manufactured by him/herself, but which represents a non-existent account.