Editing Christianity and Islam (section)

=== Salvation ===
{{Main|Salvation in Christianity}}
The [[Catechism of the Catholic Church]], the official doctrine document released by the Roman [[Catholic Church]], has this to say regarding Muslims:
{{Blockquote|''The Church's relationship with the Muslims.'' "The plan of salvation also includes those who acknowledge the Creator, in the first place amongst whom are the Muslims; these profess to hold the faith of Abraham, and together with us they adore the one, merciful God, mankind's judge on the last day."|''Catechism of the Catholic Church''<ref name="CCC2000">{{cite book |title=Catechism of the Catholic Church |edition=2nd |publisher=Libreria Editrice Vaticana |location=Vatican City |date=April 16, 2000 |isbn=978-1574551099 }} [https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p123a9p3.htm ''The Church and non-Christians'' #841]</ref>}}

Protestant theology mostly emphasizes the necessity of faith in Jesus as a savior for [[Salvation#Christianity|salvation]]. Muslims may receive salvation in theologies relating to [[Universal reconciliation]], but will not according to most Protestant theologies based on [[Sola Fide|justification through faith]]:
{{Blockquote|"The first and chief article is this: Jesus Christ, our God and Lord, died for our sins and was raised again for our justification (Romans 3:24–25). He alone is the Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world (John 1:29), and God has laid on Him the iniquity of us all (Isaiah 53:6). All have sinned and are justified freely, without their own works and merits, by His grace, through the redemption that is in Christ Jesus, in His blood (Romans 3:23–25). This is necessary to believe. This cannot be otherwise acquired or grasped by any work, law or merit. Therefore, it is clear and certain that this faith alone justifies us ... Nothing of this article can be yielded or surrendered, even though heaven and earth and everything else falls (Mark 13:31)." | [[Martin Luther]]<ref>"The Smalcald Articles," in Concordia: The Lutheran Confessions. Saint Louis: Concordia Publishing House, 2005, 289, Part two, Article 1.</ref>}}

Some modern Muslim scholars critique the doctrinal aspects of Christianity. For example, [[Ismail al-Faruqi | Isma'il Raji al-Faruqi]], in his work ''[[Christian Ethics (book) | Christian Ethics: A Historical and Systematic Analysis of Its Dominant Ideas]]'', argues that Christianity has incorporated various influences that diverge from Jesus' original teachings. He emphasizes the need for what he considers a rational and coherent ethical framework, contrasting Christian concepts like [[peccatism]] (inherent human sinfulness) and saviorism (belief in Jesus as the redeemer) with Islamic views. This perspective includes a critique of Christian theological paradoxes and advocates for a rational and coherent ethical framework.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Idrisi|first=Fathiyyatunnur|title=Christian Ethics: A Review from the Perspective of Al-Faruqi|journal=Journal of Fatwa Management and Research, Special Edition|volume=27|issue=2|date=January 2022|pages=1–9}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Mohd |first=Siti Hadija |title=A Structured Critical Analysis of Al-Faruqi's Christian Ethics |journal=Preprint |date=2023 |location=Kuala Lumpur}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Shehu |first=Fatmir |title=Investigating Ismāʿīl Rājī al-Fārūqī's Methodology in the Study of Christianity through Selected Textual Analysis from His Christian Ethics |journal=Intellectual Discourse |volume=31 |issue=1 |pages=31–55 |date=2023 |publisher=International Islamic University Malaysia Press|doi=10.31436/id.v31i1.1913 }}</ref>

The Quran explicitly promises [[salvation]] for all those righteous Christians who were there before the arrival of Muhammad:
{{Blockquote|Indeed, the believers, Jews, Christians, and Sabians—whoever ˹truly˺ believes in Allah and the Last Day and does good will have their reward with their Lord. And there will be no fear for them, nor will they grieve.|{{qref|2|62|c=y}}}}

The Quran also makes it clear that Christians will be nearest in love to those who follow the Quran and praises Christians for being humble and wise:
{{Blockquote|You will surely find the most bitter towards the believers to be the Jews and polytheists and the most gracious to be those who call themselves Christian. That is because there are priests and monks among them and because they are not arrogant. When they listen to what has been revealed to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflowing with tears for recognizing the truth. They say, “Our Lord! We believe, so count us among the witnesses. Why should we not believe in Allah and the truth that has come to us? And we long for our Lord to include us in the company of the righteous.” So Allah will reward them for what they said with Gardens under which rivers flow, to stay there forever. And that is the reward of the good-doers.|{{qref|5|82–84|c=y}}}}